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* '''{{flagcountry|Brazil}}'''{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>{{cite web|last1=Arnson|first1=Cynthia|last2=Sotero|first2=Paulo|title=Brazil as a Regional Power: Views from the Hemisphere|url=http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Brazil-as-a-Regional-Power3.pdf|publisher=Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2013-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615020948/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Brazil-as-a-Regional-Power3.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=De Lima|first1=Maria Regina Soares|last2=Hirst|first2=Monica|title=Brazil as an intermediate state and regional power: action, choice and responsibilities|url=http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International%20Affairs/Blanket%20File%20Import/inta_513.pdf|publisher=Chatham House|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2012-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106023112/http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International%20Affairs/Blanket%20File%20Import/inta_513.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Wigell|first=Mikael|title=Assertive Brazil, an emerging power and its implications|url=http://www.fiia.fi/assets/publications/bp82.pdf|publisher=Finnish Institute of International Affairs|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2013-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603114150/http://www.fiia.fi/assets/publications/bp82.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Flemes, Daniel|title=Brazil’s strategic options in a multiregional world order|url=http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=%2Fenglish%2Fcontent%2Frpn%2Fconferences%2Fflemes.pdf|publisher=German Institute of Global and Area Studies|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714153850/http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=%2Fenglish%2Fcontent%2Frpn%2Fconferences%2Fflemes.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Brazil}}'''{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>{{cite web|last1=Arnson|first1=Cynthia|last2=Sotero|first2=Paulo|title=Brazil as a Regional Power: Views from the Hemisphere|url=http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Brazil-as-a-Regional-Power3.pdf|publisher=Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2013-06-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615020948/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/Brazil-as-a-Regional-Power3.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=De Lima|first1=Maria Regina Soares|last2=Hirst|first2=Monica|title=Brazil as an intermediate state and regional power: action, choice and responsibilities|url=http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International%20Affairs/Blanket%20File%20Import/inta_513.pdf|publisher=Chatham House|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2012-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106023112/http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/International%20Affairs/Blanket%20File%20Import/inta_513.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Wigell|first=Mikael|title=Assertive Brazil, an emerging power and its implications|url=http://www.fiia.fi/assets/publications/bp82.pdf|publisher=Finnish Institute of International Affairs|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2013-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603114150/http://www.fiia.fi/assets/publications/bp82.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Flemes, Daniel|title=Brazil’s strategic options in a multiregional world order|url=http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=%2Fenglish%2Fcontent%2Frpn%2Fconferences%2Fflemes.pdf|publisher=German Institute of Global and Area Studies|accessdate=16 April 2012|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714153850/http://www.giga-hamburg.de/dl/download.php?d=%2Fenglish%2Fcontent%2Frpn%2Fconferences%2Fflemes.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>


===[[ทวีปเอเชีย]]===
=== ทวีปเอเชีย ===
====[[เอเชียตะวันออก]]====
==== เอเชียตะวันออก ====
* '''{{flagcountry|China}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,503050425-1051243,00.html |title=Living With The Giants - TIME |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2013-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602033143/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,503050425-1051243,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/cgrp.htm |title=China: Global/Regional Power |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2005-10-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051018072515/http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/cgrp.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1999/china.50/asian.superpower/neighbors/ CNN In-Depth Specials - Visions of China - Asian Superpower: Regional 'godfather' or local bully?]</ref><ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/correspondents/content/2006/s1642878.htm www.abc.net]</ref><ref>http://www.aseanfocus.com/asiananalysis/article.cfm?articleID=780 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831064146/http://www.aseanfocus.com/asiananalysis/article.cfm?articleID=780 |date=2007-08-31 }} www.aseanfocus.com</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html |title=สำเนาที่เก็บถาวร |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2020-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407143528/http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* '''{{CHN}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP}}{{Ref label|P5|P5}}{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|SCO|SCO}}<ref name="time">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,503050425-1051243,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902231324/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,503050425-1051243,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 September 2007|title=Living With The Giants - TIME|magazine=Time|access-date=5 March 2017|date=18 April 2005}}</ref><ref name="af">{{cite web|url=http://www.au.af.mil/au/aul/bibs/cgrp.htm|publisher=au.af.mil|title=China: Global/Regional Power 2006|access-date=5 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="cnn">{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1999/china.50/asian.superpower/neighbors/|publisher=cnn.com|title=CNN In-Depth Specials - Visions of China - Asian Superpower: Regional 'godfather' or local bully? |access-date=5 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="abc">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/correspondents/content/2006/s1642878.htm|publisher=abc.net.au|title=Correspondents Report - China: paramount power in South East Asia|date=21 May 2006|access-date=5 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aseanfocus.com/asiananalysis/article.cfm?articleID=780 |title=China's 'Peaceful Rise' Doctrine |access-date=23 May 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831064146/http://www.aseanfocus.com/asiananalysis/article.cfm?articleID=780 |archive-date=31 August 2007 |website=Asean Focus Group |date=2004 |first=Baogang |last=He}}</ref><ref name=alla>[http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html U.S. Policy to Asia for Regional Powers in New Science and Technology: China, Russia, Japan and Korea with Nuclear Potential], allacademic.com</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|Japan}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP|}}{{Ref label|G7|G7|}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name=alla>{{Cite web |url=http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html |title=สำเนาที่เก็บถาวร |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2020-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200407143528/http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/3/6/0/7/9/p360796_index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract;jsessionid=2EE3EF674E08CB40D5050A82CE8B22BD.tomcat1?fromPage=online&aid=392746# Japan and the Myanmar Stalemate: Regional Power and Resolution of a Regional Problem]</ref><ref name=cbs>{{Cite web |url=http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php |title=www.csbaonline.org |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234424/http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* '''{{flagcountry|South Korea}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="alla"/><ref>http://www.springerlink.com/content/nrnnj1f163kaxye3/{{ลิงก์เสีย|date=สิงหาคม 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hudsonny.org/2010/03/the-korean-incident-changing-dynamics-in-asia.php |title=สำเนาที่เก็บถาวร |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2010-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407093033/http://www.hudsonny.org/2010/03/the-korean-incident-changing-dynamics-in-asia.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i47/19.pdf |title=สำเนาที่เก็บถาวร |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2009-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090109072730/http://www.ndu.edu/inss/Press/jfq_pages/editions/i47/19.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Files/events/2009/0416_korea/20090416_korea.pdf</ref><ref name="books.google.co.uk">[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=XvtS5hKg9jYC&oi=fnd&pg=PR8&dq=The+United+States+and+the+Great+Powers&ots=A3H1zZvfp4&sig=qSCxRlF4ImYrrKmiSNarSxTQTyE#v=onepage&q&f=false The United States and the great powers: world politics in the twenty-first century]</ref>


* '''{{JPN}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP}}{{Ref label|G7|G7}}{{Ref label|G4|G4}}{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|QUAD|QUAD}}<ref name=alla/><ref name="cambridge">{{cite journal|title=Japan and the Myanmar Stalemate: Regional Power and Resolution of a Regional Problem&#124; Japanese Journal of Political Science &#124; Cambridge Core|journal=Japanese Journal of Political Science|volume=6|issue=3|pages=393|doi=10.1017/S1468109905001969|year=2006|last1=Holliday|first1=IAN|s2cid=154946583|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/f3fd499ee1c4d81d522e1b62c1d5a7038f4b09c2}}</ref><ref name=cbs>{{cite web|url=http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php|publisher=csbaonline.org|title=www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php|access-date=5 March 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234424/http://www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>
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====[[เอเชียใต้]]====
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* '''{{flagcountry|India}}'''{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name="Regions and powers"/><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_perkovich.pdf|title=Is India a Major Power?|last=Perkovich|first=George|journal=The Washington Quarterly|issue=27.1 Winter 2003-04|accessdate=2007-12-13|format=PDF|archive-date=2008-02-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227014858/http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_perkovich.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Encarta">{{Cite web |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761590309/Great_Powers.html |title=Encarta - Great Powers |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2009-11-01 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5kwqEr8pe?url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761590309/Great_Powers.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| author =Dilip Mohite| title =Swords and Ploughshares- India: The Fourth Great Power?| version =Vol. 7, No. 3| publisher =Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security (ACDIS)| date =Spring 1993| url =http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/Research/S&Ps/1993-Sp/S&P_VII-3/great_power.html| accessdate =2007-12-13| journal =| archive-date =2006-09-01| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20060901150133/http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/Research/S%26Ps/1993-Sp/S%26P_VII-3/great_power.html| url-status =dead}}</ref>
*'''{{flagcountry|Pakistan}}'''<ref>[https://books.google.it/books?id=o46rAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Nuclear+Strategy+in+the+Modern+Era:+Regional+Powers+and+International+Conflict&hl=it&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMImtWgvbvvyAIVAbwUCh133QiJ#v=onepage&q=Nuclear%20Strategy%20in%20the%20Modern%20Era%3A%20Regional%20Powers%20and%20International%20Conflict&f=false Nuclear Strategy in the Modern Era: Regional Powers and International Conflict]</ref><ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20020624231948/http://www.iss.co.za/Pubs/Monographs/No13/Solomon.html</ref><ref>https://books.google.com.sa/books?id=XvtS5hKg9jYC&pg=PR8&redir_esc=y</ref> {{Ref label|Next 11|N11}}


* '''{{KOR}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|MIKTA|MIKTA}}{{Ref label|OECD|OECD}}{{Ref label|N-11|N-11}}<ref name="South Korea: A Major Regional Power">{{cite web|url=http://journalofsociology.ro/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Full-text-pdf.5.pdf|publisher=Journal of Sociology|title=South Korea: A Major Regional Power|access-date=5 July 2017}}</ref>
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====[[เอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้]]====
* '''{{flagcountry|Indonesia}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}{{Ref label|Next 11|N11}}<ref name=ai/><ref name="ref">{{Ref label|G20|G20|}}
[http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/7/3/9/2/p73921_index.html]</ref>


====[[เอเชียตะวันตก]]====
==== เอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ ====
* '''{{IDN}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|N-11|N-11}}{{Ref label|MIKTA|MIKTA}}{{Ref label|CIVETS|CIVETS}}{{Ref label|D-8|D-8}}{{Ref label|G-15|G-15}}<ref name=ai/><ref name="ref">Emmers, Ralf. [http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/0/7/3/9/2/p73921_index.html "Regional hegemonies and the exercise of power in Southeast Asia: A study of Indonesia and Vietnam"] Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 17 March 2004. Retrieved 17 April 2017.</ref>
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* '''{{flagcountry|Iran}}'''{{Ref label|Next 11|N11}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers">{{cite book | last =Buzan | first =Barry | title=The United States and the Great Powers | publisher=Polity Press | year=2004 | location=Cambridge, United Kingdom | pages =71 | isbn =978-0-7456-3375-6 }}</ref><ref name="Regions and powers">{{Cite book | last1 = Buzan | first1 = Barry| last2 = Wæver | first2 = Ole| title = Regions and powers: the structure of international security| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year= 2003| pages = 55| isbn = 0-521-89111-6 }}</ref><ref>""Iran is a strong regional power, in a far better shape than Pakistan because f its economic capabilities, rich mineral and energy resources, and internal stability, added to its far greater geostrategic importance." In Hooman Peimani, ''Nuclear Proliferation in the Indian Subcontinent'' (Westport: Praeger Publishers, 2000), p. 30.</ref>

* '''{{flagcountry|Israel}}'''{{ref|reference_name_A|a}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lrb.co.uk/v28/n06/mear01_.html |title=www.lrb.co.uk |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2009-08-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815015205/http://www.lrb.co.uk/v28/n06/mear01_.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.acronym.org.uk/dd/dd76/76actg.htm |title=www.acronym.org.uk |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025443/http://www.acronym.org.uk/dd/dd76/76actg.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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==== เอเชียใต้ ====
* '''{{flagcountry|Saudi Arabia}}''' {{Ref label|G20|G20|}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name="Regions and powers"/><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0XPQ/is_2002_Sept_23/ai_92080737 |title=findarticles.com |access-date=2015-08-08 |archive-date=2012-05-29 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120529125614/findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0XPQ/is_2002_Sept_23/ai_92080737 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=4349 yaleglobal.yale.edu]</ref>
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* '''{{IND}}'''{{Ref label|GP|GP}}{{Ref label|G4|G4}}{{Ref label|BRICS|BRICS}}{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|SCO|SCO}}{{Ref label|QUAD|QUAD}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name="Regions and powers">{{harvtxt|Buzan & Wæver, Regions and Powers|2003|p=55}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_perkovich.pdf |title=Is India a Major Power? |last=Perkovich |first=George |journal=The Washington Quarterly |issue=27.1 Winter 2003–04 |access-date=13 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227014858/http://www.twq.com/04winter/docs/04winter_perkovich.pdf |archive-date=27 February 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Encarta">[http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761590309/Great_Powers.html Encarta - Great Powers] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091031190936/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761590309/Great_Powers.html |date=31 October 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| author =Dilip Mohite| title =Swords and Ploughshares- India: The Fourth Great Power?| version =Vol. 7, No. 3| publisher =Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security (ACDIS)| date =Spring 1993| url =http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/Research/S&Ps/1993-Sp/S&P_VII-3/great_power.html| access-date =13 December 2007| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20060901150133/http://www.acdis.uiuc.edu/Research/S%26Ps/1993-Sp/S%26P_VII-3/great_power.html| archive-date =1 September 2006}}</ref>

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==== เอเชียตะวันตก/ตะวันออกกลาง ====
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* '''{{IRI}}'''{{Ref label|N 11|N 11}}{{Ref label|G-15|G-15}}{{Ref label|OPEC|OPEC}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers">{{cite book | last =Buzan | first =Barry | title=The United States and the Great Powers | publisher=Polity Press | year=2004 | location=Cambridge, United Kingdom | pages =71 | isbn =978-0-7456-3375-6 }}</ref><ref name="Regions and powers"/><ref name="auto">""Iran is a strong regional power, in a far better shape than Pakistan because f its economic capabilities, rich mineral and energy resources, and internal stability, added to its far greater geostrategic importance." In Hooman Peimani, ''Nuclear Proliferation in the Indian Subcontinent'' (Westport: Praeger Publishers, 2000), p. 30.</ref>

* '''{{ISR}}'''<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.the-american-interest.com/2017/01/24/the-eight-great-powers-of-2017/|title=The Eight Great Powers of 2017 - The American Interest|date=24 January 2017|work=The American Interest|access-date=25 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="Haaretz">{{Cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.706226|title=Israel May Be Eighth-ranked in Global Power, but It's Really Not Much Fun|last=Haaretz|date=1 March 2016|work=Haaretz|access-date=25 November 2017}}</ref><ref name="Butenschøn 1992 95–119">{{Cite book|title=Regional Great Powers in International Politics|last=Butenschøn|first=Nils A.|date=1992|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan, London|isbn=9781349126637|pages=95–119|doi=10.1007/978-1-349-12661-3_5|chapter = Israel as a Regional Great Power: Paradoxes of Regional Alienation}}</ref>

* '''{{KSA}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|OPEC|OPEC}}<ref name="The United States and the Great Powers" /><ref name="Regions and powers"/><ref name="findarticles">{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0XPQ/is_2002_Sept_23/ai_92080737|publisher=findarticles.com|title=FindArticles.com &#124; CBSi|access-date=5 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=4349|title=Saudi Surprise|date=26 August 2004|access-date=4 April 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040826031056/http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=4349|archive-date=26 August 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286186092|title=Saudi Arabia. A Regional Power Facing Increasing Challenges|author=Ana Belén Soage Antepazo|date=8 December 2012|access-date=24 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Saudi Arabia as a Resurgent Regional Power|journal=The International Spectator|volume=53|issue=4|pages=75–94|author=Anoushiravan Ehteshami|date=28 September 2018|doi=10.1080/03932729.2018.1507722|s2cid=158177906|url=http://dro.dur.ac.uk/25573/1/25573.pdf}}</ref>

* '''{{TUR}}'''{{Ref label|G20|G20}}{{Ref label|MIKTA|MIKTA}}{{Ref label|CIVETS|CIVETS}}{{Ref label|N-11|N-11}}<ref name="books.google.co.uk">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XvtS5hKg9jYC&q=The+United+States+and+the+Great+Powers&pg=PR8|title=The United States and the Great Powers: World Politics in the Twenty-First Century|last=Buzan|first=Barry|date=15 October 2004|publisher=Wiley|isbn=9780745633749|access-date=4 April 2018|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref name="StratforTurkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/20090317_turkey_and_russia_rise|title=Turkey and Russia on the Rise|date=17 March 2009|publisher=Stratfor|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823084005/http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/20090317_turkey_and_russia_rise|archive-date=23 August 2011|access-date=21 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="HeptagonTurkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.heptagonpost.com/Dessi/can_turkey_be_a_source_of_stability_in_the_middle_east|title=Can Turkey Be a Source of Stability in the Middle East?|date=18 December 2010|publisher=heptagonpost.com|access-date=16 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613222927/http://www.heptagonpost.com/Dessi/can_turkey_be_a_source_of_stability_in_the_middle_east|archive-date=13 June 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="economist">{{cite news|date=5 November 2011|title=The Economist: "Turkish foreign policy: Ottoman dreamer", 5 November 2011.|url=http://www.economist.com/node/21536598|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=5 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="economist2">{{cite news|date=5 November 2011|title=The Economist: "Turkey in the Balkans: The good old days?", 5 November 2011.|url=http://www.economist.com/node/21536647|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=5 March 2017}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111118085023/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2099674,00.html "Erdoğan's Moment"], cover story in the [[Time (magazine)|Time magazine]] issue of 21–28 November 2011. (Vol. 178 No. 21.) [https://web.archive.org/web/20111118094643/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/0,9263,7601111128,00.html "Erdoğan's Way"] was the cover title in the editions of [https://web.archive.org/web/20111118094753/http://www.time.com/time/covers/europe/0,16641,20111128,00.html Europe], [https://web.archive.org/web/20111118094731/http://www.time.com/time/covers/asia/0,16641,20111128,00.html Asia] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20111118094727/http://www.time.com/time/covers/pacific/0,16641,20111128,00.html South Pacific]</ref>


===[[ทวีปยุโรป]]===
===[[ทวีปยุโรป]]===

รุ่นแก้ไขเมื่อ 00:50, 5 มีนาคม 2566

ผู้นำของกลุ่ม 20

ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาค (อังกฤษ: Regional power) เป็นรัฐซึ่งมีความสามารถที่จะแผ่อิทธิพลในระดับภูมิภาค[1][2] ซึ่งแม้จะไม่ใช่ทั้งอภิมหาอำนาจหรือมหาอำนาจ แต่ก็มีความสามารถในการแผ่อิทธิพลในภูมิภาคของตนเอง

รายชื่อประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาค

  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในอเมริกาเหนือ (สหรัฐอเมริกา)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในอเมริกาใต้ (เม็กซิโก, บราซิล, อาร์เจนตินา)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในยุโรป (ฝรั่งเศส, เยอรมนี, อิตาลี, สหราชอาณาจักร)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในเอเชียเหนือและยุโรปตะวันออก (รัสเซีย)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในตะวันออกกลางและยุโรปตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ (ตุรกี)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในแอฟริกาและตะวันออกกลาง (อียิปต์)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในแอฟริกา (ไนจีเรีย, แอฟริกาใต้)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในตะวันออกกลาง (อิสราเอล, อิหร่าน, ซาอุดีอาระเบีย)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ (อินโดนีเซีย)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในเอเชียตะวันออก (จีน, ญี่ปุ่น, เกาหลีใต้)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในเอเชียใต้ (อินเดีย, ปากีสถาน)
  ประเทศอำนาจนำภูมิภาคในโอเชียเนีย (ออสเตรเลีย)

ทวีปแอฟริกา

ทวีปอเมริกาเหนือ

ทวีปอเมริกาใต้

ทวีปเอเชีย

เอเชียตะวันออก

เอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้

เอเชียใต้

เอเชียตะวันตก/ตะวันออกกลาง

ทวีปยุโรป

ยุโรปตะวันตก

ยุโรปตะวันออก

ยูเรเชีย

โอเชียเนีย

อ้างอิง

  1. ↑ "www.essex.ac.uk". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2007-02-02. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-02-02.
  2. ↑ "www.giga-hamburg.de" (PDF). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2007-06-28. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-08-08.
  3. ↑ Lynch, David A. (16 August 2010). Trade and Globalization: An Introduction to Regional Trade Agreements. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9780742566903.
  4. ↑ Flemes, Daniel (2010). Regional Leadership in the Global System: Ideas, Interests and Strategies of Regional Powers. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9780754679127.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Buzan, Barry (2004). The United States and the Great Powers. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Polity Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-7456-3375-6.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 "www.aims.ca" (PDF). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2006-07-21. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-08-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (ลิงก์)
  7. ↑ "www.iss.co.za". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 12 October 2006.
  8. ↑ "Southern Africa is home to the other of sub-Saharan Africa's regional powers: South Africa. South Africa is more than just a regional power; it is by far the most developed and economically powerful country in Africa, and now it is able to use that influence in Africa more than during the days of apartheid (white rule), when it was ostracized." See David Lynch, Trade and Globalization (Lanham, USA: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2010), p. 51.
  9. ↑ "สำเนาที่เก็บถาวร". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2013-06-02. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-08-08.
  10. ↑ "Argentina has been the leading military and economic power in the Southern Cone in the Twentieth Century." See Michael Morris, "The Srait of Magellan," in International Straits of the World, edited by Gerard Mangone (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishes, 1988), p. 63.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Secondary regional powers in Huntington's view include Great Britain, Ukraine, Japan, South Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Argentina." See Tom Nierop, "The Clash of Civilisations," in The Territorial Factor, edited by Gertjan Dijkink and Hans Knippenberg (Amsterdam: Vossiuspers UvA, 2001), p. 61.
  12. ↑ "The US has created a foundation upon which the regional powers, especially Argentina and Brazil, can developed their own rules for further managing regional relations." See David Lake, "Regional Hierarchies," in Globalising the Regional, edited by Rick Fawn (UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 55.
  13. ↑ "The southern cone of South America, including Argentina and Brazil, the two regional powers, has recently become a pluralistic security community." See Emanuel Adler and Patricia Greve, "Overlapping regional mechanisms of security governance," in Globalising the Regional, edited by Rick Fawn (UK: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 78.
  14. ↑ "[...] notably by linking the Southern Cone's rival regional powers, Brazil and Argentina." See Alejandra Ruiz-Dana, Peter Goldschag, Edmundo Claro and Hernan Blanco, "Regional integration, trade and conflicts in Latin America," in Regional Trade Integration and Conflict Resolution, edited by Shaheen Rafi Khan (New York: Routledge, 2009), p. 18.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Samuel P. Huntington, "Culture, Power, and Democracy," in Globalization, Power, and Democracy, edited by Marc Plattner and Aleksander Smolar (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000), p. 6.
  16. ↑ ""The driving force behind the adoption of the MERCOSUR agreement was similar to that of the establishment of the EU: the hope of limiting the possibilities of traditional military hostility between the major regional powers, Brazil and Argentina." See Anestis Papadopoulos, The International Dimension of EU Competition Law and Policy (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 283.
  17. ↑ Arnson, Cynthia; Sotero, Paulo. "Brazil as a Regional Power: Views from the Hemisphere" (PDF). Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2013-06-15. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 April 2012.
  18. ↑ De Lima, Maria Regina Soares; Hirst, Monica. "Brazil as an intermediate state and regional power: action, choice and responsibilities" (PDF). Chatham House. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2012-11-06. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 April 2012.
  19. ↑ Wigell, Mikael. "Assertive Brazil, an emerging power and its implications" (PDF). Finnish Institute of International Affairs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2013-06-03. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 April 2012.
  20. ↑ Flemes, Daniel. "Brazil's strategic options in a multiregional world order" (PDF). German Institute of Global and Area Studies. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 2014-07-14. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 April 2012.
  21. ↑ "Living With The Giants - TIME". Time. 18 April 2005. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2 September 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  22. ↑ "China: Global/Regional Power 2006". au.af.mil. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  23. ↑ "CNN In-Depth Specials - Visions of China - Asian Superpower: Regional 'godfather' or local bully?". cnn.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  24. ↑ "Correspondents Report - China: paramount power in South East Asia". abc.net.au. 21 May 2006. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  25. ↑ He, Baogang (2004). "China's 'Peaceful Rise' Doctrine". Asean Focus Group. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 31 August 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 23 May 2007.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 U.S. Policy to Asia for Regional Powers in New Science and Technology: China, Russia, Japan and Korea with Nuclear Potential, allacademic.com
  27. ↑ Holliday, IAN (2006). "Japan and the Myanmar Stalemate: Regional Power and Resolution of a Regional Problem| Japanese Journal of Political Science | Cambridge Core". Japanese Journal of Political Science. 6 (3): 393. doi:10.1017/S1468109905001969. S2CID 154946583.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 28.3 28.4 "www.csbaonline.org/4Publications/PubLibrary/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri/R.20000200.Transforming_Ameri.php". csbaonline.org. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 3 March 2016. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  29. ↑ "South Korea: A Major Regional Power" (PDF). Journal of Sociology. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 July 2017.
  30. ↑ Emmers, Ralf. "Regional hegemonies and the exercise of power in Southeast Asia: A study of Indonesia and Vietnam" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Le Centre Sheraton Hotel, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 17 March 2004. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Buzan & Wæver, Regions and Powers (2003, p. 55)
  32. ↑ Perkovich, George. "Is India a Major Power?" (PDF). The Washington Quarterly (27.1 Winter 2003–04). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ 27 February 2008. สืบค้นเมื่อ 13 December 2007.
  33. ↑ Encarta - Great Powers เก็บถาวร 31 ตุลาคม 2009 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน
  34. ↑ Dilip Mohite (Spring 1993). "Swords and Ploughshares- India: The Fourth Great Power?". Vol. 7, No. 3. Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security (ACDIS). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 1 September 2006. สืบค้นเมื่อ 13 December 2007.
  35. ↑ ""Iran is a strong regional power, in a far better shape than Pakistan because f its economic capabilities, rich mineral and energy resources, and internal stability, added to its far greater geostrategic importance." In Hooman Peimani, Nuclear Proliferation in the Indian Subcontinent (Westport: Praeger Publishers, 2000), p. 30.
  36. ↑ "The Eight Great Powers of 2017 - The American Interest". The American Interest. 24 January 2017. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 November 2017.
  37. ↑ Haaretz (1 March 2016). "Israel May Be Eighth-ranked in Global Power, but It's Really Not Much Fun". Haaretz. สืบค้นเมื่อ 25 November 2017.
  38. ↑ Butenschøn, Nils A. (1992). "Israel as a Regional Great Power: Paradoxes of Regional Alienation". Regional Great Powers in International Politics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. pp. 95–119. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-12661-3_5. ISBN 9781349126637.
  39. ↑ "FindArticles.com | CBSi". findarticles.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  40. ↑ "Saudi Surprise". 26 August 2004. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 26 August 2004. สืบค้นเมื่อ 4 April 2018.
  41. ↑ Ana Belén Soage Antepazo (8 December 2012). "Saudi Arabia. A Regional Power Facing Increasing Challenges". สืบค้นเมื่อ 24 August 2019.
  42. ↑ Anoushiravan Ehteshami (28 September 2018). "Saudi Arabia as a Resurgent Regional Power" (PDF). The International Spectator. 53 (4): 75–94. doi:10.1080/03932729.2018.1507722. S2CID 158177906.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 Buzan, Barry (15 October 2004). The United States and the Great Powers: World Politics in the Twenty-First Century. Wiley. ISBN 9780745633749. สืบค้นเมื่อ 4 April 2018 – โดยทาง Google Books.
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 "Turkey and Russia on the Rise". Stratfor. 17 March 2009. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 23 August 2011. สืบค้นเมื่อ 21 August 2011. อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: ป้ายระบุ <ref> ไม่สมเหตุสมผล มีนิยามชื่อ "StratforTurkey" หลายครั้งด้วยเนื้อหาต่างกัน
  45. ↑ 45.0 45.1 "Can Turkey Be a Source of Stability in the Middle East?". heptagonpost.com. 18 December 2010. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 13 June 2011. สืบค้นเมื่อ 16 May 2011. อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: ป้ายระบุ <ref> ไม่สมเหตุสมผล มีนิยามชื่อ "HeptagonTurkey" หลายครั้งด้วยเนื้อหาต่างกัน
  46. ↑ "The Economist: "Turkish foreign policy: Ottoman dreamer", 5 November 2011". The Economist. 5 November 2011. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  47. ↑ "The Economist: "Turkey in the Balkans: The good old days?", 5 November 2011". The Economist. 5 November 2011. สืบค้นเมื่อ 5 March 2017.
  48. ↑ "Erdoğan's Moment", cover story in the Time magazine issue of 21–28 November 2011. (Vol. 178 No. 21.) "Erdoğan's Way" was the cover title in the editions of Europe, Asia and South Pacific
  49. ↑ globalpolicy.org
  50. ↑ tspace.library.utoronto.ca
  51. ↑ "Operation Alba may be considered one of the most important instances in which Italy has acted as a regional power, taking the lead in executing a technically and politically coherent and determined strategy." See Federiga Bindi, Italy and the European Union (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2011), p. 171.
  52. ↑ "Italy plays a prominent role in European and global military, cultural and diplomatic affairs. The country's European political, social and economic influence make it a major regional power." See Italy: Justice System and National Police Handbook, Vol. 1 (Washington, D.C.: International Business Publications, 2009), p. 9.
  53. ↑ ...L'Italie est avant tout une grande puissance européenne, un État-nation au développement économique brillant, une puissance industrielle, une société civile active, une intelligentsia remarquable, l’un des principaux pôles culturels et artistiques de l’Europe.
  54. ↑ [1] เก็บถาวร 2014-07-14 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน France, Germany, Britain – Responses of Traditional Regional Powers to Rising Regions and Rivals
  55. ↑ [2]
  56. ↑ http://atena.mae.ro/en/romania-news/1134
  57. ↑ http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:23227531~menuPK:141310~pagePK:34370~piPK:34424~theSitePK:4607,00.html
  58. ↑ "สำเนาที่เก็บถาวร". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2016-03-29. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2016-03-20.
  59. ↑ http://www.carnegie.ru/en/pubs/media/69778.htm www.carnegie.ru
  60. ↑ The Economist: "Turkish foreign policy: Ottoman dreamer", 5 November 2011.
  61. ↑ The Economist: "Turkey in the Balkans: The good old days?", 5 November 2011.
  62. ↑ "Erdoğan's Moment" เก็บถาวร 2013-08-24 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน, cover story in the Time magazine issue of November 21–28, 2011. (Vol. 178 No. 21.) "Erdoğan's Way" เก็บถาวร 2013-08-28 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน was the cover title in the editions of Europe เก็บถาวร 2013-07-25 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน, Asia เก็บถาวร 2013-06-02 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน and South Pacific เก็บถาวร 2020-04-07 ที่ เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน.
  63. ↑ "www.routledge.com". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2020-04-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-08-08.
  64. ↑ "www.foreignminister.gov.au". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2011-06-01. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2015-08-08.
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