ผู้ใช้:Intaniag/กระบะทราย

พิกัด: 26°16′14″N 80°15′33″W / 26.27056°N 80.25917°W / 26.27056; -80.25917
นี่คือบทความคุณภาพ คลิกเพื่อดูรายละเอียดเพิ่มเติม
จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี
"Coral Springs" เปลี่ยนทางมาที่นี่ สำหรับthe neighbourhood in Calgary, Alberta ดูที่ Coral Springs, Calgary

Coral Springs อย่างเป็นทางการเรียกว่า City of Coral Springs ซึ่งเป็นเมืองใน Broward County, Florida ซึ่งมีพื้นที่ประมาณ 20 ไมล์ (32 กิโลเมตร) ทางตะวันตกเฉียงเหนือของ

Coral Springs, Florida
City
City of Coral Springs
Downtown Coral Springs in July 2007
Downtown Coral Springs in July 2007
ธงของCoral Springs, Florida
ธง
ตราอย่างเป็นทางการของCoral Springs, Florida
ตรา
โลโกอย่างเป็นทางการของCoral Springs, Florida
Logo
คำขวัญ: 
"Community of Excellence!"
Location in Broward County and the U.S. state of Florida
Location in Broward County and the U.S. state of Florida
พิกัด: 26°16′14″N 80°15′33″W / 26.27056°N 80.25917°W / 26.27056; -80.25917
Country สหรัฐ
State รัฐฟลอริดา
County Broward
Incorporated (city)July 10, 1963
การปกครอง
 • ประเภทCommission-Manager
 • MayorVincent M. Boccard
 • City ManagerErdal Donmez
พื้นที่[1]
 • ทั้งหมด24.0 ตร.ไมล์ (62.1 ตร.กม.)
 • พื้นดิน23.8 ตร.ไมล์ (61.6 ตร.กม.)
 • พื้นน้ำ0.2 ตร.ไมล์ (0.5 ตร.กม.)
ความสูง[2]13 ฟุต (3 เมตร)
ประชากร
 (2010)
 • ทั้งหมด121,096 คน
 • ความหนาแน่น1,965.2 คน/ตร.ไมล์ (758.8 คน/ตร.กม.)
เขตเวลาUTC-5 (EST)
 • ฤดูร้อน (เวลาออมแสง)UTC-4 (EDT)
Zip Code33065, 33067, 33071, 33073, 33075, 33076, 33077
รหัสพื้นที่754 and 954
FIPS code12-14400[3]
GNIS feature ID0307614[4]
เว็บไซต์www.coralsprings.org

Coral Springs, officially the City of Coral Springs, is a city in Broward County, Florida, approximately 20 ไมล์ (32 กิโลเมตร) northwest of Fort Lauderdale. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 121,096.[5] The city is part of the Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Pompano Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area, which was home to 5,564,635 people in 2010.

The city, officially chartered on July 10, 1963, was master-planned and primarily developed by WCI Communities, then known as Coral Ridge Properties, a division of Westinghouse. The city's name is derived from the company's name, and was selected after several earlier proposals had been considered and rejected.[6] Despite the name, there are no springs in the city; Florida's springs are found in the central and northern portions of the state.[7]

During the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s the young city grew rapidly, adding over 35,000 residents each decade. Coral Springs has notably strict building codes, which are designed to maintain the city's distinctive aesthetic appeal. The city government's effective fiscal management has maintained high bond ratings, and the city has won accolades for its overall livability, its low crime rate, and its family-friendly orientation.[ต้องการอ้างอิง]

History[แก้]

Coral Springs is a planned community. Prior to its incorporation as a city in July 1963, the area which is now Coral Springs was part of 20,000 เอเคอร์ (8,100 เฮกตาร์) of marshy lands bought by Henry Lyons between 1911 and 1939. After several floods in 1947, Florida created the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District (now the South Florida Water Management District). Canals and levees drained much of the area upon which Coral Springs was built. After the land was drained and cleared, most of the area was used as a bean farm. After Lyons' death in 1952, his heirs changed the focus to cattle.[8]

A post-World War II real estate boom in South Florida attracted the interest of developers. Coral Ridge Properties, which already had several developments in Broward County, bought 3,869 เอเคอร์ (16 ตารางกิโลเมตร) of land from the Lyons family on December 14, 1961 for $1 million.[6] The City of Coral Springs was chartered on July 10, 1963. Other names that were considered for the new city included "Curran Village," "Pompano Springs" and "Quartermore". By 1964, the company had developed a master plan for a city of 50,000 residents. On July 22, 1964, the first sale of 536 building lots netted $1.6 million. The landmark covered bridge was built that same year to promote the town. In 1965, Coral Ridge Properties bought an additional 6,000 เอเคอร์ (2,400 เฮกตาร์) from the Lyons family, increasing the city's land area to 16 ตารางไมล์ (41 ตารางกิโลเมตร). The first city government elections were held in 1967.

The city added nineteen public schools, a regional mall, shopping centers and parks during the last three decades of the twentieth century in response to rapid population growth. The construction of the Sawgrass Expressway in 1986 brought even more growth. A museum and a theater opened in the 1990s. The city reached residential build-out in 2003[9] and is very close to a commercial build-out.[10]

The city's historically low crime rate was marred in the early 1990s, when teen gang violence made headlines, with fights and murders reported. The violence subsided and the city returned to its previously peaceful state in 1995.[11][12][13][14][15]

Coral Springs was ranked as the 27th best city in the United States in which to live by Money Magazine in 2006;[16] was named the 10th safest city in the US by Morgan Quitno in 2007;[17] and was a multiple recipient of America's Promise "100 Best Cities for Young People" award, identified by the group as a three-time winner in 2008.[18] In 2007, Coral Springs became the first state or local government in the nation to receive the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award.[19]

In 2010, CNNMoney.com listed Coral Springs as the 44th best place to live in the United States.[20]

Geography and climate[แก้]

Coral Springs is located at 26°16′14″N 80°15′33″W / 26.270658°N 80.259163°W / 26.270658; -80.259163.[21] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.0 ตารางไมล์ (62.1 ตารางกิโลเมตร), 23.8 ตารางไมล์ (61.6 ตารางกิโลเมตร) of which is land and 0.19 ตารางไมล์ (0.5 ตารางกิโลเมตร) of which is water (0.83%).[5] Coral Springs is bordered by the cities of Parkland to the north, Coconut Creek to the east, Margate and North Lauderdale to the southeast and Tamarac to the south. To the west lies The Everglades.

Cityscape[แก้]

A canal in Coral Springs

Coral Springs is a sprawling city, with few tall or prominent structures. The tallest building in the city is a 12 story condominium (Country Club Tower), with five more buildings topping out at 10 stories, including three office buildings lining University Drive, one of the city's main roads.[22] Buildings include Preferred Exchange Tower (originally the Bank of Coral Springs Building), 210 Tower, Bank of America Center and the Briarwood Towers.

Coral Ridge Properties established strict landscaping and sign laws for the city—a question in the original version of Trivial Pursuit noted that the city hosted the first McDonald's without the distinctive Golden Arches sign.[9] Restrictions on commercial signs,[23] exterior paint colors,[24] roofing materials,[25] recreational vehicle and boat storage,[26] and landscaping specifications[27] are all strictly enforced; consequently, real estate values in the city are significantly higher than the county as a whole. In 2006, the median price of a single family home in Coral Springs was US$415,000, while the median price county-wide was US$323,000.[28]

Hurricane Wilma aftermath

The city’s downtown is the focus of an extensive redevelopment plan, estimated to cost close to US$700 million.[29] The plan to revitalize the city's core started with an open-air shopping and entertainment center—"The Walk"—and progressed with the construction of "One Charter Place," opened April 2007. When completed, the redeveloped downtown area will offer office, retail, and a new government center, encompassing approximately three million square feet of floor space, in addition to approximately 1,000 residential units and a new hotel.[30]

The City of Coral Springs' Parks and Recreation Department operates over 50 municipal parks, including a water park and a skate park, encompassing over 675 เอเคอร์ (2.7 ตารางกิโลเมตร).[31] Coral Springs' largest park is Mullins Park (70 acres). Of the four conservation areas in the city, Sandy Ridge Sanctuary is the biggest, at 38 เอเคอร์ (150,000 ตารางเมตร).

Climate[แก้]

Average monthly rainfall is higher from April to September, with January and February as the driest months. The average monthly rainfall ranges from 2.8 นิ้ว (7 เซนติเมตร) in January and February to 7.3 นิ้ว (19 เซนติเมตร) in June. The hurricane season is from June to November, with September as the month during which hurricanes are most likely to occur. The most powerful hurricane to strike Coral Springs since its incorporation was Wilma in 2005; the eye of the hurricane passed directly over the city. The city estimated that "as a result of the numerous hurricanes and storms that hit Coral Springs in 2004/2005, and especially as a result of Hurricane Wilma, the tree canopy coverage throughout the city has been reduced by about one third".[32]

ข้อมูลภูมิอากาศของCoral Springs, FL
เดือน ม.ค. ก.พ. มี.ค. เม.ย. พ.ค. มิ.ย. ก.ค. ส.ค. ก.ย. ต.ค. พ.ย. ธ.ค. ทั้งปี
อุณหภูมิสูงสุดที่เคยบันทึก °F (°C) 90
(32.2) 		90
(32.2) 		92
(33.3) 		100
(37.8) 		99
(37.2) 		100
(37.8) 		101
(38.3) 		99
(37.2) 		99
(37.2) 		97
(36.1) 		94
(34.4) 		89
(31.7) 		101
(38.3)
อุณหภูมิสูงสุดเฉลี่ย °F (°C) 76
(24.4) 		77
(25) 		80
(26.7) 		83
(28.3) 		87
(30.6) 		90
(32.2) 		92
(33.3) 		92
(33.3) 		91
(32.8) 		87
(30.6) 		82
(27.8) 		78
(25.6) 		85
(29.4)
อุณหภูมิต่ำสุดเฉลี่ย °F (°C) 58
(14.4) 		58
(14.4) 		62
(16.7) 		66
(18.9) 		71
(21.7) 		74
(23.3) 		75
(23.9) 		75
(23.9) 		74
(23.3) 		71
(21.7) 		66
(18.9) 		61
(16.1) 		68
(20)
อุณหภูมิต่ำสุดที่เคยบันทึก °F (°C) 25
(-3.9) 		21
(-6.1) 		32
(0) 		42
(5.6) 		50
(10) 		40
(4.4) 		61
(16.1) 		61
(16.1) 		57
(13.9) 		44
(6.7) 		36
(2.2) 		28
(-2.2) 		21
(−6.1)
หยาดน้ำฟ้า นิ้ว (มม) 2.78
(70.6) 		2.76
(70.1) 		3.00
(76.2) 		3.40
(86.4) 		5.73
(145.5) 		7.31
(185.7) 		5.94
(150.9) 		6.91
(175.5) 		7.01
(178.1) 		5.73
(145.5) 		4.24
(107.7) 		2.46
(62.5) 		57.27
(1,454.7)
แหล่งที่มา: [33]

Demographics[แก้]

Coral Springs Demographics
2010 Census Coral Springs Broward County Florida
Total population 121,096 1,748,066 18,801,310
Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010 +3.0% +7.7% +17.6%
Population density 5,089.8/sq mi 1,444.9/sq mi 350.6/sq mi
White or Caucasian (including White Hispanic) 69.2% 63.1% 75.0%
(Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian) 51.6% 43.5% 57.9%
Black or African-American 17.9% 26.7% 16.0%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 23.5% 25.1% 22.5%
Asian 5.1% 3.2% 2.4%
Native American or Native Alaskan 0.2% 0.3% 0.4%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Two or more races (Multiracial) 3.3% 2.9% 2.5%
Some Other Race 4.2% 3.7% 3.6%

As of 2010, there were 45,433 households, with 8.1% being vacant. As of 2000, 19,151 (43.2%) households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 26,875 (60.6%) were married couples living together, 7,663 (17.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, and 8,387 (18.9%) were non-families. 5,922 of all households (13.4%) were made up of individuals and 1,408 (3.2%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.11 and the average family size was 3.45.[34]

แม่แบบ:USCensusPop

In 2000, the city's age distribution was as follows: 38,335 residents (27.8%) under the age of 18, 14,560 (10.5%) from 18 to 24, 35,927 (26.0%) from 25 to 44, 39,821 (28.8%) from 45 to 64, and 9,358 (6.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.7 years. For every 100 females there were 93.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.7 males.[35]

In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was US$69,808, and the median income for a family was $76,106. Males had a median income of $47,427 versus $34,920 for females. The per capita income for the city was $29,285. About 5.8% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 2.1% of those age 65 or over.[36]

As of 2000, those who spoke only English at home accounted for 74.6% of residents. Other languages spoken at home included Spanish (15.0%), French Creole (2.2%), Portuguese (1.4%), French (1.1%), and Italian (0.8%.)[37]

As of 2000, 2.1% of the city's population was from Haiti,[38] 2.1% of the population was from Colombia,[39] and 1.7% of the population was from Cuba.[40]

Government and infrastructure[แก้]

ไฟล์:Coral Springs City Hall.JPG
Coral Springs City Hall

Coral Springs uses the commission-manager form of municipal government, with all governmental powers resting in a legislative body called a commission. Coral Springs' commission is composed of five elected commissioners, one of whom is the mayor of the city and another of whom is the vice-mayor.[41] The mayor and vice-mayor serve a two-year term; the commissioners serve four-year terms. The offices are non-partisan; no candidate is allowed to declare a party affiliation. The role of the commission is to pass ordinances and resolutions, adopt regulations, and appoint city officials, including the city manager. While the mayor serves as a presiding officer of the commission, the city manager is the administrative head of the municipal government, and is responsible for the administration of all departments. The city commission holds its regular meetings biweekly.[42] As of 2012, the Mayor is Vince Boccard. The Vice-Mayor is Tom Powers; the other commissioners are Claudette Bruck, Dan Daley and Larry Vignola. The City Manager is Erdal Donmez.

In-city buses are provided free of charge by the local government. Regional transportation is provided by Broward County Transit. The closest passenger airport to Coral Springs is Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, located 27 ไมล์ (43 กิโลเมตร) southeast. The only limited-access highway in Coral Springs is the Sawgrass Expressway (State Road 869), which borders the city on its northern and western edges. Major roads in the city include Atlantic Boulevard, University Drive, and Sample Road.

Coral Springs is served by Broward Health, and is home to the 200-bed Coral Springs Medical Center. The hospital received a 99 (out of 100) from the Joint Commission, ranking in the top 2% of over 9,000 surveyed hospitals.[43]

Coral Springs' water supply comes from the Biscayne Aquifer, South Florida's primary source of drinking water. There are four different water districts within the city; the providers are the City of Coral Springs Water District, Coral Springs Improvement District, North Springs Improvement District and Royal Utilities.[44] The South Florida Water Management District provides flood control protection and water supply protection to local residents, controls all water shortage management efforts and assigns water restrictions when necessary. Collection and disposal of city's trash or garbage is provided by Waste Management. Electric power service is distributed by Florida Power & Light.

Economy[แก้]

Coral Square

Of residents aged 16 years and over, 72.6% were in the labor force, 95% were employed and 5% unemployed. 39.5% of the population worked in management, professional, and related occupations; 32.9% in sales and office occupations; 12.8% in service occupations; 7.6% in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations; 7% in production, transportation, and material moving occupations; and 0.1% in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations. The industries for which Coral Springs inhabitants worked were 17.6% educational, health and social services; 16.1% retail trade; 12.9% professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste management services; 10.1% finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing; 8.2% arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services; 7.0% manufacturing; 6.6% construction; 5.0% wholesale trade; 4% transportation, warehousing, and utilities;, 4.9% other services (except public administration); 3.7% information; 3.6% public administration; and 0.2% agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining. 85.2% of workers worked in the private sector, 9.6% in government, 5% self-employed in unincorporated businesses, and 0.3% as unpaid family workers. The predominant method of commuting was driving alone in own car, accounting for 81.5% of commuting trips, followed by 11.2% who were carpoolers and 7.4% who used other methods or worked from home.[3]

Fitch,[45] Moody's,[46] and Standard & Poor's[47] rate Coral Springs bonds as "AAA".[48] Standard & Poor's, in a 2004 report, noted that Coral Springs had a "vibrant regional economy with above-average wealth levels and consistently low unemployment" and praised the city administration.[47] In 2004, the city's industrial and commercial base represented 24% of the city valuation—50% higher than the previous decade. The city's tax rate of 3.8715 mils is the lowest in Broward County of cities with more than 70,000 people.[49] The city has twice received the Florida Sterling Award for excellence in administration.[50] First Data and Alliance Entertainment are the largest companies that have offices in the Corporate Park of Coral Springs. ABB Asea Brown Boveri and Royal Plastics Group have subsidiaries headquartered in the city as well. The biggest shopping mall in the city is Coral Square, which opened in October 1984 with 945,000 ตารางฟุต (87,800 ตารางเมตร) of retail space and more than 120 stores. Preferred Exchange Tower is the tallest and largest office building in the city—it has 10 floors and 203,000 sq ft (18,900 m2).[51]

Education[แก้]

ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม: List of Schools in Coral Springs, Florida

According to the 2005 American Community Survey (conducted by the US Census Bureau), 39.2% of all adults over the age of 25 in Coral Springs have obtained a bachelor's degree, as compared to a national average of 27.2% of adults over 25, and 91.7% of Coral Springs residents over the age of 25 have earned a high school diploma, as compared to the national average of 84.2%.[52] Coral Springs had approximately 29,900 students in 2006.[53] Three charter schools offer both primary and secondary education. Higher education is offered by Barry University, Nova Southeastern University and Broward College through a partnership with Coral Springs Charter School.[54]

Public primary and secondary education is handled by the Broward County Public Schools District (BCPSD).[1] The BCPSD operates 3 high schools, 4 middle schools and 12 elementary schools within the city limits.[55] Ramblewood Elementary School received a Florida Sterling Award for its efforts in 2006.[56] In 2008 the Florida Department of Education awarded all public schools in the city, with the exception of Coral Springs High School, "A" grades based on their performance on the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test. In 2008, Coral Springs High School received a "B,"[57] and in 2010 the school received its first "A." In 2009, all public elementary, middle, and charter schools in the city received "A's," except for Broward Community Charter School West, which received a "B."[58]

North Broward Preparatory School maintains a satellite campus in Coral Springs. The Coral Springs campus has boarding facilities, a playground, and a gymnasium. The school's main campus is in Coconut Creek.[59]

Sports[แก้]

Coral Springs Youth Soccer League Game, Cypress Park

Coral Springs does not have any professional sports teams, but has more than 25 amateur sports leagues.[60] Coral Springs Youth Soccer had more than 3300 players in their 2006 season,[61] playing for 284 teams in 20 separate leagues, divided by age group and sex. The Honda Classic golf tournament was played at the TPC at Eagle Trace from 1984 to 1991 and 1996 and then at the TPC at Heron Bay from 1997 to 2002. The short-lived professional soccer team Coral Springs Kicks (USISL) was based in the city.

The regional Sportsplex has a jogging path, an aquatic center, tennis courts, ice rinks and a dog park. The NHL's Florida Panthers call the Saveology.com Iceplex, part of the Sportsplex, their official home and conduct much of their training there.[62] The International Tennis Championships—an ATP International Series men's tennis tournament was held at the Sportsplex from 1993 to 1998.

Eight professional athletes are from Coral Springs: MLS soccer player Stephen Herdsman, Latvian Higher League soccer player Nate Weiss,[63] and NFL football players Dan Morgan, Todd Weiner, Darius Butler, Steve Hutchinson, and Cody Brown. and Three NCAA athletes hail from the city: sprinter Walter Dix, Major League Baseball Player Anthony Rizzo of the Chicago Cubs, and University of Notre Dame football player Sam Young.

Several athletes who participated in the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing are from or currently living in Coral Springs, including Beach Volleyball gold medalist Misty May-Treanor, swimming silver medalist Dara Torres (who resides in neighboring Parkland, Florida but trains in Coral Springs), and sprinting bronze medalist Walter Dix.

Media and culture[แก้]

ไฟล์:Coral Springs Museum.JPG
The Museum of Coral Springs History started as a real estate office
ดูเพิ่ม: List of television stations in Florida และ List of radio stations in Florida

Coral Springs is a part of the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood media market, which is the twelfth largest radio market[64] and the seventeenth largest television market[65] in the United States. Its primary daily newspapers are the South Florida-Sun Sentinel and The Miami Herald, and their Spanish-language counterparts El Sentinel and El Nuevo Herald.

The city is home to two local weekly newspapers, the Coral Springs Forum and Our Town News. Both publications focus on local issues and human interest stories. The Coral Springs Forum was founded in 1971 by local high school students, the publication was sold after their graduation to local residents. Later the company became a subsidiary of the Tribune Company, the South Florida-Sun Sentinel publisher.[6]

The Coral Springs Center for the Arts opened in 1990. Originally planned to be a gymnasium, a US$4 million renovation in 1996 added a 1,471 seat theater.[66] The theater presents a program of popular shows and a yearly Broadway series. The 8,000-ตารางฟุต (700-ตารางเมตร) Coral Springs Museum of Art has a small number of exhibits and focuses on art classes and programs for the local community.[67] There is currently one public library in the city, the Northwest Regional Library, affiliated with the county-wide Broward County Library system. The band New Found Glory hails from Coral Springs and was formed in the city.[68]

The Covered Bridge was the first permanent structure in the city

The "Our Town" Festival has been continuously held since 1979, first sponsored by the Coral Springs Chamber of Commerce, and promoted by a non-profit organization since 1997.[69] The event has a car show, a beauty pageant and carnival rides. The festival attracted more than 100,000 attendees in 1984,[70] and the city estimated 200,000 visitors at the 1990 event.[71] A parade was added to the event in 1985;[72] since 1994, the parade has been run as a separate event during the Christmas season.[73] Several other festivals are held throughout the year, such as "Fiesta Coral Springs", a Hispanic culture celebration, and the Festival of the Arts.[74] At Coral Springs' 25th Anniversary Party, the Guinness World Record for "Largest Hamburger and Milkshake" was broken on July 10, 1988.[75] The hamburger measured 26 ฟุต (8 เมตร) in diameter and weighed 5063 pounds. The record stood for just over a year.[76]

Coral Springs has two designated Florida Heritage sites.[77] The Coral Springs Covered Bridge was the first structure built in the city, in 1964. The steel bridge, 40 ฟุต (12 เมตร) in length, is the only covered bridge in Florida in the public right-of-way. The American Snuff Company provided two historical designs for the bridge sides, to make the structure appear aged. The Covered Bridge is depicted in Coral Springs' seal. The Museum of Coral Springs History started as a real estate office. Built outside the city limits, the single-room wooden structure was moved to Coral Springs and became its first administration building. Later it was used as the first police station, and as a Jaycees clubhouse; it was moved to the city dump in 1976, where it was used as a fire department training site for smoke drills. After it was inadvertently set on fire, public outcry prompted the building's relocation to Mullins Park for restoration. Since 1978, it has housed the city's history museum. The exhibits in the museum are historic items and city models.[78]

Coral Springs is a sister city of Paraíso, Costa Rica.[79]

References[แก้]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Coral Springs at a Glance" (pdf). City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19. อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: ป้ายระบุ <ref> ไม่สมเหตุสมผล มีนิยามชื่อ "community" หลายครั้งด้วยเนื้อหาต่างกัน
  2. ↑ "Coral Springs, Florida Profile". IDcide. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-31.
  4. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-31.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Coral Springs city, Florida". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. สืบค้นเมื่อ October 21, 2013.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Coral Springs Town Trivia Book" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  7. ↑ Spechler, Rick M; Schiffer, Donna M. "Springs of Florida" (PDF). United States Geological Survey. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-07-19.
  8. ↑ "Coral Springs History" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Rochelle Broder-Singer (November 2003). "Corporate Culture". South Florida CEO. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 27, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help) อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: ป้ายระบุ <ref> ไม่สมเหตุสมผล มีนิยามชื่อ "sfmc" หลายครั้งด้วยเนื้อหาต่างกัน
  10. ↑ "EDF Background and History". Coral Springs Economic Development Foundation. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  11. ↑ Fred Grimm (November 24, 1991). "Tales Of A Teen Crime Wave – In Comfortable Coral Springs". Miami Herald. p. 7b. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  12. ↑ Ana Menendez (December 14, 1992). "Eight Charged In Knife Attack On Springs Teen". Miami Herald. p. 1br. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  13. ↑ Pamela Ferdinand (December 23, 1992). "Dozen Teens Arrested At Coral Springs Plaza". Miami Herald. p. 2br. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  14. ↑ Linda Wiggins (February 9, 1994). "Coral Springs \ Graffiti Has Police Wary Of More Gang Violence". Miami Herald. p. 4br. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  15. ↑ Elaine Walker (March 20, 1994). "Big Majority In Springs For Curfew, Survey Says". Miami Herald. p. 10cw. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  16. ↑ "Best Places to Live 2006". Money Magazine. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help) Money Magazine ranked the city "using 38 quality-of-life indicators and 6 economic opportunity measures in the following categories: Ease of Living, Health, Education, Crime, Park space, Arts and Leisure."(more information)
  17. ↑ "City Crime Ranking by Population Group". Morgan Quitno. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  18. ↑ "Three-time 100 Best Winners". America's Promise. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ April 8, 2010. สืบค้นเมื่อ June 13, 2010.
  19. ↑ "Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award 2007 Award Recipient, Nonprofit: The City of Coral Springs" (Press release). National Institute of Standards and Technology. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-21.
  20. ↑ "Best Places to Live 2010". CNN.
  21. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2011-04-23.
  22. ↑ "Buildings of Coral Springs". Emporis. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-25.
  23. ↑ "Ordinances in Brief: Sign restrictions". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  24. ↑ "Ordinances in Brief: Paint Color Approval". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-18.
  25. ↑ "City Commission minutes, 7 Feb 2006" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ June 20, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  26. ↑ "Ordinances in Brief: Vehicle Parking". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  27. ↑ "City of Coral Springs Landscape Manual" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ February 5, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  28. ↑ Cheung, Paul; Ruiz, Marco; Henderson, Tim (February 14, 2007). "Sales plunge, but prices hold on" (PDF). Miami Herald. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-20. {{cite web}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  29. ↑ Lisa J. Huriash (August 4, 2007). "Dream of building a Coral Springs downtown bears fruit". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-08-05. [ลิงก์เสีย]
  30. ↑ Richard Westlund (May 2005). "West Broward: creating a new sense of place". South Florida CEO. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19. {{cite news}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  31. ↑ "Parks and Recreation Site Map". City of Coral Springs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ May 22, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-20.
  32. ↑ "City of Coral Springs Street Tree Subsidy Program". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  33. ↑ "Average Weather for Coral Springs, FL – Temperature and Precipitation". Weather.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ August 26, 2010.
  34. ↑ "Coral Springs city, Florida Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2006". U.S. Census Bureau. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-15.
  35. ↑ "Coral Springs city, Florida ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2006". U.S. Census Bureau. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-05.
  36. ↑ "Coral Springs city, Florida Selected Economic Characteristics: 2006". U.S. Census Bureau. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-01-05.
  37. ↑ "Modern Language Association Data Center Results for Coral Springs, Florida". Modern Language Association. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-21.
  38. ↑ "Ancestry Map of Haitian Communities". Epodunk.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-22.
  39. ↑ "Ancestry Map of Colombian Communities". Epodunk.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-22.
  40. ↑ "Ancestry Map of Cuban Communities". Epodunk.com. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-10-22.
  41. ↑ "Coral Springs City Commission". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-18.
  42. ↑ "Coral Springs Meeting Schedule" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ June 18, 2006. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-18.
  43. ↑ "NBHD Commitment to Quality". North Broward Hospital District. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 27, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  44. ↑ "Utility Map" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  45. ↑ "Fitch Ratings" (PDF). Fitch Ratings. July 31, 2003. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ June 20, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  46. ↑ "Moody's Ratings" (PDF). Moody's Investors Service. April 23, 2003. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ June 20, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 "S&P Raises Coral Springs, FL's GO Bond Rating to 'AAA'". Standard and Poor's. April 9, 2004. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ December 8, 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19. อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: ป้ายระบุ <ref> ไม่สมเหตุสมผล มีนิยามชื่อ "spreport" หลายครั้งด้วยเนื้อหาต่างกัน
  48. ↑ "Community Resource Guide" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ May 1, 2004. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  49. ↑ "2006 State of the City (page 18)" (PDF). City of Coral Springs. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ June 20, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  50. ↑ "Governor's Sterling Award Recipients". Florida Sterling Council. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ September 27, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  51. ↑ "Aquila Property Company Announces Sale of Landmark Coral Springs Property". Aquila Property. March 15, 2005. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-07-10.
  52. ↑ "Coral Springs city, Florida Fact Sheet". US Census Bureau. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-08-31.
  53. ↑ Figure includes charter schools and Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School. This school is not located in Coral Springs, but part of the city is in its attendance area.
  54. ↑ "Coral Springs College Partnerships". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  55. ↑ Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, Westglades Middle School, and Park Trails Elementary School are located in neighboring Parkland, Florida, but part of the city is in their attendance area.
  56. ↑ "Ramblewood Elementary School Profile" (PDF). คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิม (PDF)เมื่อ June 27, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-25.
  57. ↑ "School Grades – Florida Schools 2006" (XLS). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-07-22.
  58. ↑ "2008–2009 School Grades" (XLS). สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-07-14.
  59. ↑ "Our Campus." North Broward Preparatory School. Retrieved on February 26, 2012.
  60. ↑ "Coral Springs Sports Leagues". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-20.
  61. ↑ "About CSYS". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2007-04-06. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26.
  62. ↑ "Florida Panthers Practice Information". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2007-07-01. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26.
  63. ↑ [1]
  64. ↑ "Top 50 Radio Markets Ranked By Metro 12+ Population, Spring 2005". Northwestern University Media Management Center. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2007-05-10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-05-25.
  65. ↑ "Top 50 TV markets ranked by households". Northwestern University Media Management Center. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2007-05-10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-05-25.
  66. ↑ "Coral Springs Center for the Arts: About Us". Coral Springs center for the Arts. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ 2007-06-07. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  67. ↑ "Best Museum in Broward (2002)". New Times Broward-Palm Beach. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-25. {{cite web}}: ไม่อนุญาตให้ใช้มาร์กอัปตัวเอียงหรือตัวหนาใน: |publisher= (help)
  68. ↑ "New Found Glory". Allmusic. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-21.
  69. ↑ "Our Town America History". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-25.
  70. ↑ Emilia Askari (November 1, 1984). "Our Town is Success in Springs". Miami Herald. p. 7. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26.
  71. ↑ Eric Torbenson (October 21, 1990). "'Our Town' Festival in Coral Springs a Soggy but Happy Event for Hundreds". Miami Herald. p. 18BR. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26. Roughly 200000 people will visit OUR TOWN when It wraps up today, said Matt Wisely, A member of The OUR TOWN Committee.
  72. ↑ Ruth B. Dunbar (October 13, 1985). "Coral Springs Adds Parade to 'Our Town' Festivities". Miami Herald. p. 10. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26.
  73. ↑ Wendy Wangberg and Kevin Knutson (2003). Coral Springs. Arcadia Publishing. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-7385-1505-2.
  74. ↑ "Coral Springs Festival of the Arts and Howard Alan Events". คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจากแหล่งเดิมเมื่อ June 29, 2007. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-26.
  75. ↑ "It's a Bird, It's a Plane, no, It's the world's largest hamburger!". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  76. ↑ "Hamburgers in History". BBC. May 16, 2003. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-19.
  77. ↑ "Florida Historical Markers Program, Broward County". สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-25.
  78. ↑ Wangberg, Wendy. "Museum of Coral Springs History". City of Coral Springs. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-25.
  79. ↑ "Online Directory: Florida, USA". Sister Cities International, Inc. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-06-20. [ลิงก์เสีย]

Further reading[แก้]

External links[แก้]

แม่แบบ:Broward County, Florida แม่แบบ:South Florida metropolitan area แม่แบบ:Florida แม่แบบ:Florida cities and mayors of 100,000 population

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