นกเกาะคอน หรือ นกจับคอน (อังกฤษ: Passerine, Perching bird) เป็นอันดับของนกอันดับหนึ่ง ในกลุ่มนกขากรรไกรแบบใหม่ ใช้ชื่อวิทยาศาสตร์ว่า Passeriformes (โดยมีที่มาจาก Passer domesticus ซึ่งเป็นชื่อวิทยาศาสตร์ของนกกระจอกใหญ่ และนกในสกุล Passer ที่เป็นนกขนาดเล็กที่ใกล้เคียงกัน)
นกในอันดับนี้มีลักษณะทั่วไปทางกายภาค คือ เป็นนกที่มีวิวัฒนาการเพื่ออาศัยและหากินบนต้นไม้เป็นหลัก นิ้วตีนมีทั้งหมด 4 นิ้ว ทุกนิ้วเจริญดีและอยู่ในระนาบเดียวกัน จึงเหมาะแก่การจับหรือเกาะเกี่ยวกับกิ่งไม้หรือต้นไม้ในป่าประเภทต่าง ๆ แต่ไม่เหมาะสำหรับการเดินบนพื้นดิน ดังนั้นเมื่อเมื่อลงดินจะได้วิธีก้าวกระโดด โดยมากแล้วจะเป็นนกที่มีลำตัวขนาดเล็ก[2]
ปัจจุบัน นักปักษีวิทยาได้แบ่งอันดับนี้เป็นอันดับย่อย 3 อันดับ โดยพิจารณาจากกล้ามเนื้อควบคุมกล่องเสียงที่อยู่ในลำคอ โดยบางอันดับย่อยจะมีกล้ามเนื้อนี้เพียง 2 คู่ ซึ่งยังเป็นลักษณะของนกในยุคก่อนประวัติศาสตร์ ทำให้เสียงร้องไม่ไพเราะนัก แต่บางอันดับย่อยมีมากกว่า คือมี 4 คู่ ทำให้มีเสียงร้องที่ไพเราะกว่า[3]
นกในอันดับนี้มีมากกว่า 140 วงศ์ ประมาณ 6,500 ชนิด ทั่วโลก[1] สำหรับในประเทศไทยที่มีการค้นพบนกแล้วราว 1,000 ชนิด แบ่งเป็นนกในอันดับต่าง ๆ 16 อันดับ ใน 70 วงศ์ นกที่อยู่ในอันดับนี้นับว่ามากกว่าครึ่ง ได้แก่[4]
อนุกรมวิธาน[แก้]
Suborder Acanthisitti[แก้]
Suborder Tyranni (suboscines)[แก้]
- Infraorder Eurylaimides: Old World suboscines
- Infraorder Tyrannides: New World suboscines
-
Suborder Passeri (oscines)[แก้]
- Superfamily Orioloidea[a]
- Superfamily Malaconotoidea[b]
Tiny
goldcrest (
Regulus regulus) belongs to a minor but highly distinct lineage of Passeri
blue tit (
Cyanistes caeruleus) and its relatives stand well apart from rest of the
Sylvioidea sensu lato -
- Superfamily Locustelloidea
- —
- Superfamily Aegithaloidea
- Superfamily Bombycilloidea
- Superfamily Muscicapoidea
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| Meliphagides |
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Cinclosomatidae
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Campephagidae
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| Orioloidea |
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Eulacestomidae
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| Malaconotoidea |
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อ้างอิง[แก้]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ernst Mayr, "The Number of Species of Birds", The Auk, Volume 63, Number 1 (January, 1946), p.67
- ↑ การใช้นกเป็นตัวชี้วัดทางนิเวศวิทยา
- ↑ การจำแนกหมวดหมู่
- ↑ อนุกรมวิธานของนกไทย
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: ป้ายระบุ
<ref> ไม่ถูกต้อง
ไม่มีการกำหนดข้อความสำหรับอ้างอิงชื่อ oliveros
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2013). "Going to extremes: contrasting rates of diversification in a recent radiation of New World passerine birds". Systematic Biology. 62 (2): 298–320. doi:10.1093/sysbio/sys094. PMID 23229025.
- ↑ Dickinson, E.C.; Christidis, L., บ.ก. (2014). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 358. ISBN 978-0-9568611-2-2.
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น[แก้]
อ้างอิงผิดพลาด: มีป้ายระบุ <ref> สำหรับกลุ่มชื่อ "lower-alpha" แต่ไม่พบป้ายระบุ <references group="lower-alpha"/> ที่สอดคล้องกัน หรือไม่มีการปิด </ref>
_-San_Diego_Zoo-8.jpg)
