แม่แบบ:กล่องข้อมูล ไนโตรเจน
Liquid nitrogen (N2 at below −196 °C) | |||||||||||||||
ไนโตรเจน | |||||||||||||||
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Allotropes | see § Allotropes | ||||||||||||||
Appearance | เป็นธาตุไม่มีสี ไม่ว่าจะอยู่ในสถานะใด | ||||||||||||||
Standard atomic weight Ar°(N) | |||||||||||||||
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ไนโตรเจน in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||
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Group | group 15 (pnictogens) | ||||||||||||||
Period | period 2 | ||||||||||||||
Block | p-block | ||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 2p3 | ||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 5 | ||||||||||||||
Physical properties | |||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | แก๊ส | ||||||||||||||
Melting point | 63.15 K (−210.00 °C, −346.00 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Boiling point | 77.355 K (−195.795 °C, −320.431 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Density (at STP) | 1.251 g/L | ||||||||||||||
when liquid (at b.p.) | 0.808 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
Triple point | 63.151 K, 12.52 kPa | ||||||||||||||
Critical point | 126.192 K, 3.3958 MPa | ||||||||||||||
Heat of fusion | (N2) 0.72 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | (N2) 5.56 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Molar heat capacity | (N2) 29.124 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
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Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, 0,[2] +1, +2, +3, +4, +5 (a strongly acidic oxide) | ||||||||||||||
Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 3.04 | ||||||||||||||
Atomic radius | calculated: 56 pm | ||||||||||||||
Covalent radius | 71±1 pm | ||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 155 pm | ||||||||||||||
Spectral lines of ไนโตรเจน | |||||||||||||||
Other properties | |||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||
Crystal structure | เฮกซะโกนัล | ||||||||||||||
Speed of sound | (gas, 27 °C) 353 m/s | ||||||||||||||
Thermal conductivity | 25.83 × 10−3 W/(m⋅K) | ||||||||||||||
Magnetic ordering | ไดอะแมกเนติก | ||||||||||||||
CAS Number | 7727-37-9 | ||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||
Discovery | แดเนียล รัทเทอร์ฟอร์ด (1772) | ||||||||||||||
Named by | ยีน-อองตวน แชปทอล (1790) | ||||||||||||||
Isotopes of ไนโตรเจน | |||||||||||||||
Template:infobox ไนโตรเจน isotopes does not exist | |||||||||||||||
อ้างอิง
- ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Nitrogen". CIAAW. 2009.
- ↑ Tetrazoles contain a pair of double-bonded nitrogen atoms with oxidation state 0 in the ring. A Synthesis of the parent 1H-tetrazole, CH2N4 (two atoms N(0)) is given in Ronald A. Henry and William G. Finnegan, "An Improved Procedure for the Deamination of 5-Aminotetrazole", _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ (1954), 76, 1, 290–291, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01630a086.