ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "ผู้ใช้:Dytoy/ทดลองเขียน"
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{{กระบะทรายผู้ใช้}} |
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[[File:Saya Chone's "Royal Audience".png|thumb|Depiction of the Burmese royal throne by a court painter.]] |
[[File:Saya Chone's "Royal Audience".png|thumb|Depiction of the Burmese royal throne by a court painter.]] |
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'''''ปัลลัง''''' ({{lang-my|ပလ္လင်}}; จาก {{lang-pi|ปลฺลงฺก}}, หมายถึง "บัลลังก์") refers to one of six types of [[Throne|thrones]] recognized in traditional Burmese scholarship. The ''palin'' is a major symbol of the Burmese monarchy and feature prominently in Burmese architecture and Burmese Buddhist iconography. The ''palin'' is featured on the seal of Myanmar's [[Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture (Myanmar)|Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture]]. |
'''''ปัลลัง''''' ({{lang-my|ပလ္လင်}}; จาก {{lang-pi|ปลฺลงฺก}}, หมายถึง "บัลลังก์") refers to one of six types of [[Throne|thrones]] recognized in traditional Burmese scholarship. The ''palin'' is a major symbol of the Burmese monarchy and feature prominently in Burmese architecture and Burmese Buddhist iconography. The ''palin'' is featured on the seal of Myanmar's [[Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture (Myanmar)|Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture]]. |
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== ประเภท == |
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Traditional Burmese scholarship recognizes six types of thrones, namely: |
Traditional Burmese scholarship recognizes six types of thrones, namely: |
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# ''Aṭṭakaraṇapallaṅka'' ({{my|အဋ္ဋကရဏပလ္လင်}}) - [[judge]]'s throne |
# ''Aṭṭakaraṇapallaṅka'' ({{my|အဋ္ဋကရဏပလ္လင်}}) - [[judge]]'s throne |
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== ราชบัลลังก์ == |
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== Usage by Burmese monarchs == |
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[[File:Lion throne, Mandalay Palace.jpg|thumb|The Lion Throne at [[Mandalay Palace]] in 1903.]] |
[[File:Lion throne, Mandalay Palace.jpg|thumb|The Lion Throne at [[Mandalay Palace]] in 1903.]] |
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In pre-colonial times, the ''rājapallaṅka'' (Burmese ''yazapalin'') seated the sovereign and his main consort. Traditionally, Burmese palaces possessed eight types of thrones, housed in nine palace halls, leading to the Burmese adage, "eight thrones, 9 palace halls" (ပလ္လင်ရှစ်ခန်း ရွှေနန်းကိုးဆောင်).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.moi.gov.mm/npe/?q=news/8/03/2016/id-38407|title=ယဉ်ကျေးမှု ထုံးဓလေ့ဟောင်း တို့နိုင်ငံသားတို့မမေ့ကောင်း|last=|first=|date=|website=Myanmar News Agency|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> |
In pre-colonial times, the ''rājapallaṅka'' (Burmese ''yazapalin'') seated the sovereign and his main consort. Traditionally, Burmese palaces possessed eight types of thrones, housed in nine palace halls, leading to the Burmese adage, "eight thrones, 9 palace halls" (ပလ္လင်ရှစ်ခန်း ရွှေနန်းကိုးဆောင်).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.moi.gov.mm/npe/?q=news/8/03/2016/id-38407|title=ယဉ်ကျေးမှု ထုံးဓလေ့ဟောင်း တို့နိုင်ငံသားတို့မမေ့ကောင်း|last=|first=|date=|website=Myanmar News Agency|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref> |
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== การใช้งานในพระพุทธศาสนา == |
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== Usage in Buddhism == |
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[[File:Botataung Stupa 0308.jpg|thumb|A throne seating an image of the Buddha at [[Botataung Pagoda]].]] |
[[File:Botataung Stupa 0308.jpg|thumb|A throne seating an image of the Buddha at [[Botataung Pagoda]].]] |
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The ''palin'' is also used to seat images and statues of the Buddha, variously called ''gaw palin'' (ဂေါ့ပလ္လင်), ''phaya palin'' (ဘုရားပလ္လင်) or ''samakhan'' (စမ္မခဏ်), from the Pali term ''sammakhaṇḍa''. This ''palin'' is a feature of many Buddhist household shrines in Burma. |
The ''palin'' is also used to seat images and statues of the Buddha, variously called ''gaw palin'' (ဂေါ့ပလ္လင်), ''phaya palin'' (ဘုရားပလ္လင်) or ''samakhan'' (စမ္မခဏ်), from the Pali term ''sammakhaṇḍa''. This ''palin'' is a feature of many Buddhist household shrines in Burma. |
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== อ้างอิง == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น == |
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== See also == |
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{{ |
{{Commons category-inline|Thrones of Myanmar|ปัลลัง}} |
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* [[Throne]] |
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[[หมวดหมู่:วัฒนธรรมพม่า]] |
[[หมวดหมู่:วัฒนธรรมพม่า]] |
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รุ่นแก้ไขเมื่อ 11:03, 12 สิงหาคม 2562
ปัลลัง (พม่า: ပလ္လင်; จาก บาลี: ปลฺลงฺก, หมายถึง "บัลลังก์") refers to one of six types of thrones recognized in traditional Burmese scholarship. The palin is a major symbol of the Burmese monarchy and feature prominently in Burmese architecture and Burmese Buddhist iconography. The palin is featured on the seal of Myanmar's Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture.
ประเภท
Traditional Burmese scholarship recognizes six types of thrones, namely:
- Aparājitapallaṅka (အပရာဇိတပလ္လင်) - the Buddha's throne
- Kamalāsanapallaṅka (ကမလာသနပလ္လင်) - Brahma's throne
- Dibbāsanapallaṅka (ဒိဗ္ဗာသနပလ္လင်) - nat's throne
- Rājapallaṅka (ရာဇပလ္လင်) - monarch's throne
- Dhammāsanapallaṅka (ဓမ္မာသနပလ္လင်) - Buddhist monk's throne
- Aṭṭakaraṇapallaṅka (အဋ္ဋကရဏပလ္လင်) - judge's throne
ราชบัลลังก์
In pre-colonial times, the rājapallaṅka (Burmese yazapalin) seated the sovereign and his main consort. Traditionally, Burmese palaces possessed eight types of thrones, housed in nine palace halls, leading to the Burmese adage, "eight thrones, 9 palace halls" (ပလ္လင်ရှစ်ခန်း ရွှေနန်းကိုးဆောင်).[1]
The thrones were carved of wood, specifically by hereditary palace carpenters.[2] An auspicious time was chosen by astrologers to commence operations, and construction of these thrones was heralded by a royal ceremony to propitiate spirits.[2] The thrones were simultaneously constructed according to a prescribed list of requirements, coated with resin, and decorated with gold leaf and glass mosaic.[2]
The most important throne was the "Lion Throne" (Sīhāsanapallaṅka), which had a replica in the Hluttaw as well.[2]
The thrones used different prescribed motifs and designs, types of wood, and were allocated to specific halls in the royal palace.[3] The thrones were also grouped by height, as follows:
- Mahāpallaṅka (မဟာပလ္လင်) - 24 ฟุต (7.3 เมตร)
- Majjhimapallaṅka (မဇ္စျိမပလ္လင်) - 12 ฟุต (3.7 เมตร)
- Cuḷapallaṅka (စူဠပလ္လင်) - 6 ฟุต (1.8 เมตร)
Below is a list of these eight types of thrones:
| No. | Name (Pali) | Name (Burmese) | Primary Motif | Type of Wood | Location(s) in Palace | Prescribed Usages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sīhāsanapallaṅka | သီဟာသနပလ္လင် | Chinthe (lion) | Gmelina arborea | Royal Audience Hall; | |
| 2 | Bhamayāsanapallaṅka | ဘမယာသနပလ္လင် | Bumblebee | Cinnamomum tamala | Glass Palace | |
| 3 | Padumasanapallaṅka | ပဒုမ္မာသနပလ္လင် | Lotus | Artocarpus heterophyllus | Western Audience Hall | |
| 4 | Haṃsasanapallaṅka | ဟံသာသနပလ္လင် | Hamsa (bird) | Hopea odorata | Eastern Hall of Victory | |
| 5 | Gajasanapallaṅka | ဂဇာသနပလ္လင် | Elephant | Magnolia champaca | Byedaik (Privy Council) | |
| 6 | Saṅkhasanapallaṅka | သင်္ခါသနပလ္လင် | Conch | Mangifera indica | Regalia Hall | |
| 7 | Migasanapallaṅka | မိဂါသနပလ္လင် | Deer | Ficus glomerata | Southern Gatehouse Hall | |
| 8 | Mayurāsanapallaṅka | မယုရာသနပလ္လင် | Peacock | Butea monosperma | Northern Gatehouse Hall |
การใช้งานในพระพุทธศาสนา
The palin is also used to seat images and statues of the Buddha, variously called gaw palin (ဂေါ့ပလ္လင်), phaya palin (ဘုရားပလ္လင်) or samakhan (စမ္မခဏ်), from the Pali term sammakhaṇḍa. This palin is a feature of many Buddhist household shrines in Burma.
อ้างอิง
- ↑ "ယဉ်ကျေးမှု ထုံးဓလေ့ဟောင်း တို့နိုင်ငံသားတို့မမေ့ကောင်း". Myanmar News Agency.
{{cite web}}: Cite ไม่รู้จักพารามิเตอร์ว่างเปล่า :|dead-url=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Thant, Yi Yi (December 1960). "The Thrones of the Burmese Kings" (PDF). Journal of Burma Research Society. 43: 97–123.
- ↑ Tha, Maung (2016-11-15). "ပလ္လင်ရှစ်ခန်း၊ ရွှေနန်းကိုးဆောင်". Ministry of Information.
{{cite web}}: Cite ไม่รู้จักพารามิเตอร์ว่างเปล่า :|dead-url=(help)
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
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