↑Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (July 2021). "国籍・地域別 在留資格(在留目的)別 在留外国人"[Foreigners by nationality and by visas (occupation)].
↑Hester, Jeffry T. (2008). "Datsu Zainichi-ron: An emerging discourse on belonging among Ethnic Koreans in Japan". ใน Nelson H. H.; Ertl, John; Tierney, R. Kenji (บ.ก.). Multiculturalism in the new Japan: crossing the boundaries within. Berghahn Books. p.144–145. ISBN978-1-84545-226-1.