ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "เครื่องโทรศัพท์"
เนื้อหาที่ลบ เนื้อหาที่เพิ่ม
ล r2.7.2+) (โรบอต เพิ่ม: tt:Телефон |
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[[af:Telefoon]] |
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[[als:Telefon]] |
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[[am:ስልክ]] |
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[[an:Telefón]] |
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[[ang:Feorrspreca]] |
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[[ar:هاتف]] |
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[[arc:ܙܥܘܩܐ]] |
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[[arz:تليفون]] |
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[[ast:Teléfonu]] |
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[[az:Telefon]] |
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[[bat-smg:Tilipuons]] |
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[[be:Тэлефон]] |
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[[be-x-old:Тэлефон]] |
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[[bg:Телефон]] |
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[[bh:टेलीफोन]] |
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[[bn:টেলিফোন]] |
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[[br:Pellgomz]] |
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[[bs:Telefon]] |
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[[ca:Telèfon]] |
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[[chy:Aseéestsestôtse]] |
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[[ckb:تەلەفۆن]] |
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[[cs:Telefon]] |
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[[cv:Телефон]] |
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[[cy:Ffôn]] |
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[[da:Telefon]] |
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[[de:Telefon]] |
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[[el:Τηλέφωνο]] |
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[[en:Telephone]] |
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[[eo:Telefono]] |
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[[es:Teléfono]] |
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[[et:Telefon]] |
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[[eu:Telefono]] |
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[[fa:تلفن]] |
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[[fi:Puhelin]] |
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[[fiu-vro:Telehvon]] |
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[[fr:Téléphone]] |
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[[ga:Guthán]] |
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[[gan:電話]] |
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[[gd:Fòn]] |
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[[gl:Teléfono]] |
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[[gn:Pumbyry]] |
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[[he:טלפון]] |
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[[hi:दूरभाष]] |
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[[hr:Telefon]] |
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[[hu:Telefon (eszköz)]] |
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[[hy:Հեռախոս]] |
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[[ia:Telephono]] |
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[[id:Telepon]] |
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[[is:Sími]] |
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[[it:Telefono]] |
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[[ja:電話機]] |
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[[jbo:fonxa]] |
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[[jv:Tilpun]] |
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[[ka:ტელეფონი]] |
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[[kk:Телефон]] |
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[[kl:Oqarasuaat]] |
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[[km:ទូរស័ព្ទ]] |
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[[kn:ದೂರವಾಣಿ]] |
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[[ko:전화]] |
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[[krc:Телефон]] |
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[[ks:ٹیلِفون]] |
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[[ksh:Tellefoon]] |
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[[ku:Telefon]] |
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[[la:Telephonum]] |
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[[lt:Telefonas]] |
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[[lv:Telefons]] |
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[[mg:Telefaonina]] |
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[[mk:Телефон]] |
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[[ml:ടെലിഫോൺ]] |
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[[mn:Харилцуур утас]] |
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[[mr:दूरध्वनी]] |
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[[ms:Telefon]] |
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[[my:တယ်လီဖုန်း]] |
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[[nah:Huehcacaquiztli]] |
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[[ne:टेलिफोन]] |
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[[pnb:ٹیلی فون]] |
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[[ps:غږلېږدی]] |
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[[pt:Telefone]] |
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[[ro:Telefon]] |
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[[sa:दूरवाणी]] |
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[[sah:Төлөппүөн]] |
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[[scn:Telèfunu]] |
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[[sco:Telephone]] |
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[[sh:Telefon]] |
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[[si:දුරකථනය]] |
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[[simple:Telephone]] |
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[[so:Taleefoon]] |
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[[ta:தொலைபேசி]] |
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[[te:టెలీఫోను]] |
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[[tg:Телефон]] |
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[[tl:Telepono]] |
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[[tr:Telefon]] |
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[[tt:Телефон]] |
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[[ur:ہاتف]] |
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[[vi:Điện thoại]] |
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[[wa:Telefone]] |
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[[wuu:电话]] |
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[[yi:טעלעפאן]] |
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[[zh:电话]] |
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[[zh-yue:電話]] |
รุ่นแก้ไขเมื่อ 23:55, 8 มีนาคม 2556
โทรศัพท์ (อังกฤษ: Telephone) คือ ระบบโทรคมนาคมซึ่งใช้อุปกรณ์ทางไฟฟ้า เป็นเครื่องมือสื่อสารให้ติดต่อพูดถึงกันได้ในระยะไกลโดยใช้สายตัวนำโยงติดต่อถึงกัน และอาศัยอำนาจแม่เหล็กไฟฟ้าเป็นหลักสำคัญ
ดูเพิ่ม
อ้างอิง
- Coe, Lewis (1995), The Telephone and Its Several Inventors: A History. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., Inc. ISBN 0-7864-0138-9
- Evenson, A. Edward (2000), The Telephone Patent Conspiracy of 1876: The Elisha Gray - Alexander Bell Controversy. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., Inc. ISBN 0-7864-0883-9
- Baker, Burton H. (2000), The Gray Matter: The Forgotten Story of the Telephone. St. Joseph, Michigan: Telepress. ISBN 0-615-11329-X
- Huurdeman, Anton A. (2003), The Worldwide History of Telecommunications. Hoboken: New Jersey: Wiley-IEEE Press. ISBN 978-0-471-20505-0
- John, Richard R. Network Nation: Inventing American Telecommunications (Harvard University Press; 2010) 520 pages; traces the evolution of the country's telegraph and telephone networks.
- Josephson, Matthew (1992), Edison: A Biography. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-54806-5
- Bruce, Robert V. (1990), Bell: Alexander Graham Bell and the Conquest of Solitude. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-9691-8.
หนังสืออ่านเพิ่ม
- Sobel, Robert (1974), The Entrepreneurs: Explorations Within the American Business Tradition. Weybright & Talley. ISBN 0-679-40064-8.
- Todd, Kenneth P. (1998), A Capsule History of the Bell System. American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T).
แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น
วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์มีสื่อที่เกี่ยวข้องกับ เครื่องโทรศัพท์
วิกิพจนานุกรม มีความหมายของคำว่า เครื่องโทรศัพท์
- Early U.S. Telephone Industry Data
- 1911 Britannica "Telephone" article
- Virtual museum of early telephones
- The Telephone, 1877
- Modelling Telephone hybrids as 2 x 2 matrices