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[[ไฟล์:Forms of government parliamentary.svg|right|400px|thumb|'''แผนที่ความแตกต่างของระบบรัฐสภา'''
{{legend|#ff9a33|[[สาธารณรัฐระบบรัฐสภา]] ประธานาธิบดีที่ไม่มีอำนาจในการปกครอง}}
{{legend|#66bb66|[[สาธารณรัฐระบบรัฐสภา]] with an [[President#Parliamentary systems|executive president]] dependent on the legislature.}}
{{legend|#e75353|[[ราชาธิปไตยภายใต้รัฐธรรมนูญ]] พระมหากษัตริย์ที่ไม่มีอำนาจในการปกครอง}}]]
'''ระบบรัฐสภา''' เป็นกลไกการปกครอง ที่ฝ่ายบริหารหรือ[[รัฐบาล]]มีที่มาจาก[[รัฐสภา]]ซึ่งทำหน้าที่[[นิติบัญญัติ]] และมีความรับผิดชอบต่อสภา ในระบบรัฐสภา ตำแหน่ง[[ประมุขแห่งรัฐ]] และตำแหน่ง[[หัวหน้ารัฐบาล]]มักจะแยกออกจากกัน โดยหัวหน้ารัฐบาลเป็น[[นายกรัฐมนตรี]] ในขณะที่ประมุขแห่งรัฐเป็น[[พระมหากษัตริย์]]ตามการสืบสันตติวงศ์ หรือ[[ประธานาธิบดี]]จากการเลือกตั้ง ระบบรัฐสภาสมัยใหม่มีต้นกำเนิดใน[[อังกฤษ]]ใน ศตวรรษที่17
'''ระบบรัฐสภา''' เป็นกลไกการปกครอง ที่ฝ่ายบริหารหรือ[[รัฐบาล]]มีที่มาจาก[[รัฐสภา]]ซึ่งทำหน้าที่[[นิติบัญญัติ]] และมีความรับผิดชอบต่อสภา ในระบบรัฐสภา ตำแหน่ง[[ประมุขแห่งรัฐ]] และตำแหน่ง[[หัวหน้ารัฐบาล]]มักจะแยกออกจากกัน โดยหัวหน้ารัฐบาลเป็น[[นายกรัฐมนตรี]] ในขณะที่ประมุขแห่งรัฐเป็น[[พระมหากษัตริย์]]ตามการสืบสันตติวงศ์ หรือ[[ประธานาธิบดี]]จากการเลือกตั้ง ระบบรัฐสภาสมัยใหม่มีต้นกำเนิดใน[[อังกฤษ]]ใน ศตวรรษที่17

==ประเทศ==

===ทวีปแอฟริกา===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! ประเทศ !! Connection between legislative and executive branch
|-
| {{flag|Botswana}} || [[Parliament of Botswana]] elects the [[President of Botswana|President]] who appoints the [[Cabinet of Botswana|Cabinet]]
|-
| {{flag|Ethiopia}} || [[Federal Parliamentary Assembly]] appoints the [[Council of Ministers (Ethiopia)|Council of Ministers]]
|-
| {{flag|Mauritius}} || [[National Assembly of Mauritius|National Assembly]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Mauritius]]
|-
| {{flag|Somalia}} || [[Federal Parliament of Somalia]] elects the [[President of Somalia|President]] who appoints the [[Prime Minister of Somalia|Prime Minister]]
|-
| {{flag|South Africa}} || [[Parliament of South Africa]] elects the [[President of South Africa|President]] who appoints the [[Cabinet of South Africa|Cabinet]]
|-
|}

===ทวีปอเมริกา===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! ประเทศ !! Connection between legislative and executive branch
|-
| {{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Representatives of Antigua and Barbuda]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda]] by the [[Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Antigua and Barbuda]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Bahamas}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Assembly of the Bahamas]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of the Bahamas]] by the [[Governor-General of the Bahamas]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of the Bahamas]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Barbados}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Assembly of Barbados]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Barbados]] by the [[Governor-General of Barbados]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Barbados]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Belize}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Representatives of Belize]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Belize]] by the [[Governor-General of Belize]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Belize]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Canada}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Commons of Canada]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Canada]] by the [[Governor General of Canada]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Canada]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Dominica}} || [[House of Assembly of Dominica|Parliament]] approves the [[Cabinet of Dominica]]
|-
| {{flag|Grenada}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Representatives of Grenada]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Grenada]] by the [[Governor-General of Grenada]], who then appoints the [[Government of Grenada|Cabinet of Grenada]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Jamaica}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Representatives of Jamaica]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Jamaica]] by the [[Governor-General of Jamaica]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Jamaica]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[National Assembly of Saint Kitts and Nevis]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis]] by the [[Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis]], who then appoints the [[Government of Saint Kitts and Nevis|Cabinet of Saint Kitts and Nevis]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Saint Lucia}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Assembly of Saint Lucia]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Saint Lucia]] by the [[Governor-General of Saint Lucia]], who then appoints the [[Government of Saint Lucia|Cabinet of Saint Lucia]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] by the [[Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]], who then appoints the [[Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Cabinet of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Suriname}} || [[National Assembly (Suriname)|National Assembly]] elects the [[President of Suriname|President]], who appoints the [[Government of Suriname|Cabinet of Suriname]]
|-
| {{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} || [[Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago]] approves the [[Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago]]
|-
|}

===ทวีปเอเชีย===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! ประเทศ !! Connection between legislative and executive branch
|-
| {{flag|Bangladesh}} || [[Jatiyo Sangshad]] approves the [[Cabinet of Bangladesh]]
|-
| {{flag|Bhutan}} || [[Parliament of Bhutan]] approves the [[Lhengye Zhungtshog]]
|-
| {{flag|Cambodia}} || [[Parliament of Cambodia]] approves the [[Council of Ministers (Cambodia)|Council of Ministers]]
|-
| {{flag|India}} ||[[President of India]] appoints the leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[Lok Sabha]] as [[Prime Minister of India]], who then forms the [[Cabinet of India]]
|-
| {{flag|Iraq}} || [[Council of Representatives of Iraq|Council of Representatives]] approves the [[Cabinet of Iraq]]
|-
| {{flag|Israel}} || Leader of the political party with the most [[Knesset]] seats in the governing coalition is appointed [[Prime Minister of Israel]] by the [[President of Israel]]. The Prime Minister then appoints the [[Cabinet of Israel]].
|-
| {{flag|Japan}} || [[National Diet]] nominates the [[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]] who appoints the [[Cabinet of Japan]]
|-
| {{flag|Kuwait}} || [[National Assembly (Kuwait)|National Assembly]] approves the Crown Prince who appoints the [[Prime Minister of Kuwait|Prime Minister]] who appoints the [[Cabinet of Kuwait]]
|-
| {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}} || [[Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan|Supreme Council]] approves the [[Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan|Cabinet of Kyrgyzstan]]
|-
| {{flag|Lebanon}} || [[Parliament of Lebanon]] approves the [[Cabinet of Lebanon]]
|-
| {{flag|Malaysia}} || [[Parliament of Malaysia]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Malaysia]]
|-
| {{flag|Myanmar}} || [[Assembly of the Union]], by an [[Presidential Electoral College|electoral college]], elects the [[President of Myanmar|President]] who forms the [[Cabinet of Myanmar]]
|-
| {{flag|Nepal}} || [[Parliament of Nepal]] elects the [[Prime Minister of Nepal|Prime Minister]] who, by turn, appoints the [[Cabinet of Nepal]]
|-
| {{flag|Pakistan}} || [[Parliament of Pakistan]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Pakistan]]
|-
| {{flag|Singapore}} || [[Parliament of Singapore]] approves the [[Cabinet of Singapore]]
|-
| {{flag|Thailand}} || The [[Monarchy of Thailand|Monarch]] appoints the MP nominated by in the [[House of Representatives (Thailand)|House of Representatives]] (usually the leader of the largest party or coalition) as [[Prime Minister of Thailand|Prime Minister]], who forms the [[Cabinet of Thailand]]. Under the current [[2014 Thai coup d'état|junta]], the appointee is nominated by the [[National Legislative Assembly of Thailand (2014)|National Legislative Assembly]].
|-
|}

===ทวีปยุโรป===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! ประเทศ !! Connection between legislative and executive branch
|-
| {{flag|Albania}} || [[Parliament of Albania]] approves the [[Cabinet of Albania]]
|-
| {{flag|Andorra}} ||
|-
| {{flag|Austria}} || [[National Council (Austria)|National Council]] can dismiss the [[Cabinet of Austria]] through a [[motion of no confidence]]
|-
| {{flag|Belgium}} || [[Belgian Federal Parliament|Federal Parliament]] approves the [[Cabinet of Belgium]]
|-
| {{flag|Bulgaria}} || [[National Assembly of Bulgaria|National Assembly]] appoints the [[Council of Ministers of Bulgaria]]
|-
| {{flag|Croatia}} || [[Croatian Parliament]] approves [[Prime Minister of Croatia|President of Government]] and the [[Croatian Government|Cabinet]] nominated by him/her.
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}} || [[President of the Czech Republic]] appoints the leader of the largest party or coalition in the [[Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic|Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament]] as Prime Minister, who forms the [[Cabinet of the Czech Republic|Cabinet]]. The Prime Minister must gain [[vote of confidence]] by the [[Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic|Chamber of Deputies]].
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}} || The [[Monarchy of Denmark|Monarch]] appoints, based on recommendations from the leaders of the parties in [[Folketinget]], the cabinet leader who is most likely to successfully assemble a [[Cabinet of Denmark|Cabinet]] which will not be disapproved by a majority in [[Folketinget]].
|-
| {{flag|Estonia}} || [[Riigikogu]] elects the [[Prime Minister of Estonia|Prime Minister]] candidate nominated by the [[President of Estonia|President of the Republic]] (normally this candidate is the leader of the parliamentary coalition of parties). The [[Government of the Republic of Estonia]] is later appointed by the President of the Republic under proposal of the approved Prime Minister candidate. The Riigikogu may remove the Prime Minister and any other member of the government through a motion of no confidence.
|-
| {{flag|Finland}} || [[Parliament of Finland]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Finland]]
|-
| {{flag|Germany}} ||[[Bundestag]] elects the [[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Federal Chancellor]] (after nomination from the [[President of Germany]]), who forms the [[Cabinet of Germany|Cabinet]]
|-
| {{flag|Greece}} || [[Hellenic Parliament]] approves the [[Cabinet of Greece]]
|-
| {{flag|Hungary}} || [[National Assembly of Hungary|National Assembly]] approves the [[Cabinet of Hungary]]
|-
| {{flag|Iceland}} || The [[President of Iceland]] appoints and discharges the [[Cabinet of Iceland]]. Ministers can not even resign without being discharged by [[Decree|presidential decree]].
|-
| {{flag|Ireland}} || [[Dáil Éireann]] nominates the [[Taoiseach]], who is then appointed by the [[President of Ireland]]
|-
| {{flag|Italy}} || [[Italian Parliament]] grants and revokes its confidence in the [[Cabinet of Italy]], appointed by the [[President of Italy]]
|-
| {{flag|Kosovo}} || [[Assembly of Kosovo]] appoints the [[Government of Kosovo]]
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}} || [[Saeima]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia]]
|-
| {{flag|Luxembourg}} || [[Chamber of Deputies of Luxembourg|Chamber of Deputies]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Luxembourg]]
|-
| {{flag|Macedonia}} || [[Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia|Assembly]] approves the [[Government of Macedonia]]
|-
| {{flag|Malta}} || [[House of Representatives of Malta|House of Representatives]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Malta]]
|-
| {{flag|Moldova}} || [[Parliament of Moldova]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Moldova]]
|-
| {{flag|Montenegro}} || [[Parliament of Montenegro]] appoints the [[Government of Montenegro]]
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}} || [[States General of the Netherlands|Second Chamber of the States-General]] can dismiss the [[Cabinet of the Netherlands]] through a [[motion of no confidence]]
|-
| {{flag|Norway}} || The [[Monarchy of Norway|Monarch]] appoints the MP leading the largest party or coalition in [[Stortinget]] as [[Prime Minister of Norway|Prime Minister]], who forms the [[Cabinet of Norway|Cabinet]]
|-
| {{flag|San Marino}} ||
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}} || [[Parliament of Serbia|National Assembly]] appoints the [[Government of Serbia]]
|-
| {{flag|Slovakia}} || [[National Council of the Slovak Republic|National Council]] approves the [[Government of Slovakia]]
|-
| {{flag|Slovenia}} || [[National Assembly (Slovenia)|National Assembly]] appoints the [[Government of Slovenia]]
|-
| {{flag|Spain}} || [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|The Congress of Deputies]] elects the [[President of the Government of Spain|President of the Government]], who forms the [[Cabinet of Spain|Cabinet]]
|-
| {{flag|Sweden}} || The [[Riksdag]] elects the [[Prime Minister of Sweden|Prime Minister]], who in turn appoints the other members of the [[Government of Sweden|Government]]
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}} || A [[Federal Assembly (Switzerland)#United Federal Assembly|United Federal Assembly]] elects the members of the [[Swiss Federal Council]]
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}} || [[Grand National Assembly of Turkey|Grand National Assembly]] approves the [[Cabinet of Turkey]]
|-
| {{nowrap|{{flag|United Kingdom}}}} || The [[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|Monarch]] appoints the MP leading the largest party or coalition in the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]], who forms the [[Cabinet of the United Kingdom|Cabinet]]
|-
|}

===โอเชียเนีย===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! ประเทศ !! Connection between legislative and executive branch
|-
| {{flag|Australia}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[Australian House of Representatives]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Australia]] by the [[Governor-General of Australia]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Australia]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|New Zealand}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[New Zealand Parliament]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of New Zealand]] by the [[Governor-General of New Zealand]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of New Zealand]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Papua New Guinea}} || Leader of the political party that has the support of a majority in the [[National Parliament of Papua New Guinea|National Parliament]] is appointed [[Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea]] by the [[Governor-General of Papua New Guinea]], who then appoints the [[Cabinet of Papua New Guinea]] on the advice of the Prime Minister
|-
| {{flag|Samoa}} || [[Legislative Assembly of Samoa|Legislative Assembly]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Samoa]]
|-
| {{flag|Vanuatu}} || [[Parliament of Vanuatu]] appoints the [[Cabinet of Vanuatu]]
|-
|}


== ดูเพิ่ม ==
== ดูเพิ่ม ==

รุ่นแก้ไขเมื่อ 01:30, 2 มีนาคม 2561

ระบบรัฐสภา เป็นกลไกการปกครอง ที่ฝ่ายบริหารหรือรัฐบาลมีที่มาจากรัฐสภาซึ่งทำหน้าที่นิติบัญญัติ และมีความรับผิดชอบต่อสภา ในระบบรัฐสภา ตำแหน่งประมุขแห่งรัฐ และตำแหน่งหัวหน้ารัฐบาลมักจะแยกออกจากกัน โดยหัวหน้ารัฐบาลเป็นนายกรัฐมนตรี ในขณะที่ประมุขแห่งรัฐเป็นพระมหากษัตริย์ตามการสืบสันตติวงศ์ หรือประธานาธิบดีจากการเลือกตั้ง ระบบรัฐสภาสมัยใหม่มีต้นกำเนิดในอังกฤษใน ศตวรรษที่17

ดูเพิ่ม

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