ผู้ใช้:Mattis/Poor Man's Bible


	บทความย่อย: Blank; Blank; Blank; Arms; 100 Best Novels; Blank; ปากนรกภูมิ; Instructions; Medieval art; San Miniato; กะบะทราย : Sutton Hoo; วิลักษณ์; Valencia {{สั้นมาก}} {{ความหมายอื่น\|เกี่ยวกับ= \|สำหรับ= \|ดูที่=bbb \|เปลี่ยนทาง=}} {{ระวังสับสน\|bbb}} {{บทความหลัก\|xxx}} {{ชื่ออื่น\|หัวข้อ\|หัวข้ออื่น\|บทความ}} {{ใช้ปีคศ\|width=290px}} ({{lang-en\|aaa}}) {{รายการอ้างอิง}} ในปี ค.ศ. ในปี [[ค.ศ. ]] “XX” “[[XX\|XX]]” “''[[XX\|XX]]''” \|]] () <br>{{spaces\|4}} <ref>[]</ref> \| etitle=<small>XX</small> Add Thai interwiki '''([http://www.forvo.com/word/aaa#en ออกเสียง])''' [[:Image:aaa.jpg\|“aaa”]] “''[[oo\|oo]]''”({{lang-th\|“''oo''”}}) <!--xx--> ฝรั่งเศส, ศิลปะ, สถาปัตย, จิตรกรรม, Misc To be considered: Ötzi the Iceman; Allegory in the Middle Ages; เงื่อนเคลติค (Celtic knot); Heraldic knot; Medieval art; พระแม่มารีทองแห่งเอสเซิน; Silk Road transmission of art;	ส่วนหัว

บทความนี้อ้างอิงคริสต์ศักราช/คริสต์ทศวรรษ/คริสต์ศตวรรษ ซึ่งเป็นสาระสำคัญของเนื้อหา

This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire.

The Mark, or March, of Brandenburg was one of the primary constituent states of the Holy Roman Empire. It was created in 1157 as the Margraviate of Brandenburg by Albert the Bear, Margrave of the Northern March. In 1356, by the terms of the Golden Bull of Charles IV, the Margrave of Brandenburg was given the permanent right to participate in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor with the title of Elector (เยอรมัน: Kurfürst).

The early rulers came from several different dynasties, but from 1415 Brandenburg and its successor states were ruled by the House of Hohenzollern for over 500 years. The titles of Margrave of Brandenburg and Elector of Brandenburg were abolished along with the the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. However the Hohenzollern-ruled state based in Berlin continued under the name of the Kingdom of Prussia (the Hohenzollerns had been kings in Prussia since 1701 and Kings of Prussia since 1772.) From 1871 to 1918 the Hohenzollerns were also the German Emperors.

Margraves of Brandenburg[แก้]

Ascanian Dynasty
Name	Reign		Comments
Albert I	1157–1170		Ruler of the Nordmark from 1134. Called "Albert the Bear".
Otto I	1170–1184		Son of Albert I. Ruled together with his father from 1144.
Otto II	1184–1205		Son of preceding.
Albert II	1205–1220		Brother.
John I Otto III	1220–1266 1220-1267		Co-rulers, sons of Albert II.
From 1266 to 1319, Brandenburg was held by the two lines of Brandenburg-Stendal and Brandenburg-Salzwedel, all of whom jointly shared the title of Margrave.
Brandenburg-Stendal		Brandenburg-Salzwedel
Co-rulers, sons of John I: John II, 1266-1282 Conrad, 1266-1304 Otto IV, 1266-1308 Henry I, 1266-1318		Co-rulers, sons of Otto III: John III, 1267-1268 Otto V, 1267-1298 Otto VI, 1267-1291 Albert III, 1267-1300
Co-rulers: Waldemar, 1308-1319, son of Conrad Henry II, 1319-1320, son of Henry I		Co-rulers: Herman, 1298-1308 (alone from 1300) John V, 1308-1317
After the extinction of the Ascanian dynasty in 1320, Brandenburg came under the control of the Emperor Louis IV of the House of Wittelsbach, who granted Brandenburg to his eldest son, Louis V of Bavaria.
Wittelsbach Dynasty
Name	Reign		Comments
Louis I "the Brandenburger"	1323–51		Cousin of Henry II, Son of Emperor Louis IV.
Louis II "the Roman".	1351–56		Half-brother of preceding; named Elector in 1356.

Electors of Brandenburg[แก้]

Wittelsbach Dynasty
Image	Name	Began	Ended	Comments
	Louis II Ludwig II	10 January 1356	17 May 1365	First Elector of Brandenburg. Called "the Roman"
	Otto VII	17 May 1365	18 August 1373	Brother of preceding. Co-ruler of Brandenburg with his brother from 1351, but as a minor (b. 1346) took no part in administration until his brother's death. Abdicated 1373 but retained Electoral title. Died 1379.
Luxemburg Dynasty
Image	Name	Began	Ended	Comments
	Wenceslaus Wenzel	2 October 1373	29 November 1378	Emperor Charles IV forced the last Wittelsbach Elector to abdicate, and then installed his own son, Wenceslaus. As Wenceslaus was still a minor (b. 1361), the Emperor administered the margraviate for him.
	Sigismund	29 November 1378	1388	Younger brother of Wenceslaus; took control of Brandenburg on his brother's ascension as King of Germany and Bohemia. Gave up Brandenburg to his cousin Jobst as security for a substantial loan.
	Jobst	1388	16 January 1411	Sigismund's first cousin, nephew of Charles IV. Elected as German King in 1410 in opposition to Sigismund, but died very shortly afterwards.
	Sigismund	16 January 1411	30 April 1415	Following Jobst's death, Sigismund regained control of Brandenburg and was elected undisputed King of Germany.
Hohenzollern Dynasty
Image	Name	Began	Ended	Comments
	Frederick I Friedrich I	30 April 1415	20 September 1440	Originally Burgrave of Nuremberg. Appointed by King Sigismund in 1415 and enfeoffed in 1417. His eldest son John the Alchemist administered Brandenburg as Margrave from 1425 to 1437, but Frederick retained the Electorship.
	Frederick II Friedrich II	20 September 1440	10 February 1471	Son of Frederick I. Called "Irontooth" (เยอรมัน: Eisenzahn). Administered Brandenburg from 1437 and became Elector on his father's death in 1440.
	Albert III Achilles Albrecht III Achilles	10 February 1471	11 March 1486	Brother.
	John Cicero Johann Cicero	11 March 1486	9 January 1499	Son.
	Joachim I Nestor	9 January 1499	11 July 1535	Son. His younger brother, Albert was co-Margrave 1499-1513, but only Joachim was Elector.
	Joachim II Hector	11 July 1535	3 January 1571	Son. First Protestant Elector of Brandenburg.
	John George Johann Georg	3 January 1571	8 January 1598	Son.
	Joachim Frederick Joachim Friedrich	8 January 1598	28 July 1608	Son.
	John Sigismund Johann Sigismund	28 July 1608	3 November 1619	Son. Duke of Prussia from 1618.
	George William Georg Wilhelm	3 November 1619	1 December 1640	Son. Ruled during the Thirty Years' War. Also Duke of Prussia.
	Frederick William I Friedrich Wilhelm I	1 December 1640	9 May 1688	Son. Called "the Great Elector". Also Duke of Prussia.
	Frederick III Friedrich III	9 May 1688	25 February 1713	Son. "King in Prussia" as Frederick I from 1701; from here the ordinals reset
	Frederick William II Friedrich Wilhelm II	25 February 1713	31 May 1740	Son. King in Prussia. Called "the Soldier-King".
	Frederick IV Friedrich IV	31 May 1740	17 August 1786	Son. King in Prussia to 1772; after annexations of Polish Prussian territory, "King of Prussia". Called "Frederick the Great".
	Frederick William III Friedrich Wilhelm III	17 August 1786	16 November 1797	Nephew. king of Prussia.
	Frederick William IV Friedrich Wilhelm IV	16 November 1797	6 August 1806	Son. King of Prussia and last Elector of Brandenburg. The Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1806, after which Frederick William ruled as independent King of Prussia (including Brandenburg) to his death in 1840.