แม่แบบ:กล่องข้อมูล โบรอน

จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี
โบรอน, 00B
boron (β-rhombohedral)[1]
โบรอน
Pronunciation/ˈbɔːrɒn/ (bor-on)
Allotropesα-, β-rhombohedral, β-tetragonal (and more)
Appearanceน้ำตาลดำ
Standard atomic weight Ar°(B)
  • [10.80610.821]
  • 10.81±0.02 (abridged)[2]
โบรอน in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
-

B

Al
เบริลเลียมโบรอนคาร์บอน
Groupgroup 13 (boron group)
Periodperiod 2
Block  p-block
Electron configuration[He] 2s2 2p1
Electrons per shell2, 3
Physical properties
Phase at STPของแข็ง
Melting point2349 K ​(2076 °C, ​3769 °F)
Boiling point4200 K ​(3927 °C, ​7101 °F)
Density when liquid (at m.p.)2.08 g/cm3
Heat of fusion50.2 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization480 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity11.087 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2348 2562 2822 3141 3545 4072
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−5, −1, 0,[3] +1, +2, +3[4][5] (a mildly acidic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.04
Atomic radiusempirical: 90 pm
Covalent radius84±3 pm
Van der Waals radius192 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of โบรอน
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​รอมโบฮีดรัล
Speed of sound thin rod16,200 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion(β form) 5–7[6] µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity27.4 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity~106  Ω⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingไดอะแมกเนติก[7]
Mohs hardness~9.5
CAS Number7440-42-8
History
Discoveryโฌแซ็ฟ หลุยส์ แก-ลูว์ซัก, หลุยส์ ฌัก เธนาด์[8] (30 มิถุนายน 1808)
First isolationฮัมฟรี เดวี[9] (9 กรกฎาคม 1808)
Isotopes of โบรอน
Template:infobox โบรอน isotopes does not exist
หมวดหมู่ Category: โบรอน
| references

อ้างอิง

  1. Van Setten et al. 2007, pp. 2460–1
  2. "Standard Atomic Weights: Boron". CIAAW. 2009.
  3. Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924. S2CID 206540959.
  4. Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.
  5. Schroeder, Melanie. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (ภาษาเยอรมัน). p. 139.
  6. Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (ลิงก์)
  7. Lide, David R. (2000). Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (PDF). CRC press. ISBN 0849304814.
  8. Gay Lussac, J.L. and Thenard, L.J. (1808) "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique," Annales de chimie [later: Annales de chemie et de physique], vol. 68, pp. 169–174.
  9. Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 33–104.
  10. Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170: 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (ลิงก์)
  11. 11.0 11.1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2008-09-21.
  12. Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.