แม่แบบ:กล่องข้อมูล เบริลเลียม
เบริลเลียม | |||||||||||||||
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Pronunciation | /bəˈrɪliəm/ | ||||||||||||||
Appearance | โลหะแข็งสีเทาขาว | ||||||||||||||
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Be) | |||||||||||||||
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เบริลเลียม in the periodic table | |||||||||||||||
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Group | group 2 (alkaline earth metals) | ||||||||||||||
Period | period 2 | ||||||||||||||
Block | s-block | ||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [He] 2s2 | ||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 2 | ||||||||||||||
Physical properties | |||||||||||||||
Phase at STP | ของแข็ง | ||||||||||||||
Melting point | 1560 K (1287 °C, 2349 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Boiling point | 2741 K (2468 °C, 4474 °F) | ||||||||||||||
Density (near r.t.) | 1.85 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
when liquid (at m.p.) | 1.690 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||
Critical point | (extrapolated) 5205 K, MPa | ||||||||||||||
Heat of fusion | 12.2 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 297 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||
Molar heat capacity | 16.443 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||
Vapor pressure
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Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | 0,[2] +1,[3] +2 (an amphoteric oxide) | ||||||||||||||
Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.57 | ||||||||||||||
Atomic radius | empirical: 112 pm | ||||||||||||||
Covalent radius | 96±3 pm | ||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 153 pm | ||||||||||||||
Spectral lines of เบริลเลียม | |||||||||||||||
Other properties | |||||||||||||||
Natural occurrence | primordial | ||||||||||||||
Crystal structure | เฮกซะโกนัลปิดบรรจุ | ||||||||||||||
Speed of sound thin rod | 12890[4] m/s (at r.t.) | ||||||||||||||
Thermal expansion | 11.3 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C) | ||||||||||||||
Thermal conductivity | 200 W/(m⋅K) | ||||||||||||||
Electrical resistivity | 36 n Ω⋅m (at 20 °C) | ||||||||||||||
Magnetic ordering | ไดอะแมกเนติก | ||||||||||||||
Young's modulus | 287 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Shear modulus | 132 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Bulk modulus | 130 GPa | ||||||||||||||
Poisson ratio | 0.032 | ||||||||||||||
Mohs hardness | 5.5 | ||||||||||||||
Vickers hardness | 1670 MPa | ||||||||||||||
Brinell hardness | 600 MPa | ||||||||||||||
CAS Number | 7440-41-7 | ||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||
Discovery | Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1797) | ||||||||||||||
First isolation | Friedrich Wöhler & Antoine Bussy (1828) | ||||||||||||||
Isotopes of เบริลเลียม | |||||||||||||||
Template:infobox เบริลเลียม isotopes does not exist | |||||||||||||||
อ้างอิง
- ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Beryllium". CIAAW. 2013.
- ↑ Be(0) has been observed; see "Beryllium(0) Complex Found". Chemistry Europe. 13 June 2016.
- ↑ "Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data" (PDF). bernath.uwaterloo.ca. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-10.
- ↑ Haynes, William M., บ.ก. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). CRC Press. p. 14.48. ISBN 1439855110.
- ↑ "Beryllium: Beryllium(I) Hydride compound data" (PDF). bernath.uwaterloo.ca. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2007-12-10.